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Next-Gen Mobility for Seamless Communication

Learn about the evolution of mobile technology, from 2G to 3G and beyond. Discover how IPv6 enhances communication, offering secure connections, advanced features like video conferencing, and more. Explore scenarios showcasing the practical applications of 3G technology in everyday life. Understand the benefits of IPv6, such as improved security, Quality of Service, and IP mobility. Get insights into IPv6 implementation in cellular telephony and future trends in mobile communication.

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Next-Gen Mobility for Seamless Communication

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  1. IPv6 for 3G Gopinath Rao Sinniah Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology (AIMST)

  2. Evolution of Spectrum • Combines a mobile phone, laptop and tv • Features : • Phone call/fax • global roaming • High-speed web • Videoconferencing • TV streaming • Speed : 144 kbps – 2Mbps • Digital mobile phone • Features : • Phone call • voice mail • sms • Speed : 10kbps 4G ??? 3G 2.5G 2G • Best technology now widely available • Features : • Phone call/fax • voice mail • send & receive large email messages • Web browsing • Navigation / maps • News updates • Speed : 64 – 144 kbps

  3. 3G Spectrum allocations

  4. 3G System Capabilities … • Interoperability and roaming • Common billing / user profiles: • Sharing of usage/rate information between service providers • Standardized call detail recording • Standardized user profiles • Capability to determine geographic position of mobiles and report it to both the network and the mobile terminal

  5. Multimedia integration of music, video and voice such as video-phones, video-on-demand and MMS (already available) Location-based services exp. Map guide to nearest destination similar like GPS technology M-commerce e-commerce to mobile terminals, exp. Ordering goods, checking bank account Basic 3G Services

  6. WCDMA - Capability to support circuit and packet data at high bit rates 3G System Capabilities

  7. W-CDMA Source : http://www.3g-generation.com

  8. Scenario 1 Examples of 3G applications Ah!. It’s an old presentation… Let me get the new presentation using my 3G phone. New presentation is sent by his colleague from the office. It is downloaded into his 3G terminal and transferred to his laptop (wireless)

  9. A busy executive doing her grocery shopping hasn’t had time to queue at a teller machine, but cash is not needed. At the check-out, she uses her 3G terminal to pay for the groceries. It automatically debits her bank account, and gives her an updated balance on request. • Scenario 2 – Shopping A young traveller has once again missed the train. Luckily, he has downloaded some of his favorite music from a web store. He's also got a pair of stereo headphones to use with the communication device. Seeing that one of his friends is on-line, he invites the friend to a peaceful game of chess. • Scenario 3 - Travelling

  10. Web must be compressed Wireless Markup Language (WML) cHTML Video – compression (MPEG4) Terminal handover management IPv6 header eliminated in Voice (ROHC) Preparing towards 3G

  11. Address space problem Projected 1 billion mobiles by 2005 Not enough IPv4 addresses especially in Asia Exmp. In China, there are 8 million IPv4 address and 50+ million handsets IPv6 addresses - 340 undecillion addresses (340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456). We can address the terminals Eliminate the use of NAT Why IPv6 ?

  12. Why IPv6 ? • Security built in • IPv6 includes packet encryption and source authentication (IPsec) • Extension header (AH & ESP) • Autoconfiguration • Stateful (DHCP) • Stateless

  13. Why IPv6 ? • Quality of Service (QoS) for real time services • DiffServ and IntServ applicable for both IPv4 and IPv6 • 20 bit flow label for QoS • IP Mobility • Part of IPv6 (MIP6)

  14. IPv6 status for cellular telephony • Has been mandated for 3GPP • MWIF recommendation for IPv6 • IETF design team designated for fast/smooth/seamless handover • Smooth evolusion from GPRS • ROHC WG considering header compression • Mobile IPv6 should be mandated after Proposed Standard

  15. IPv4 to IPv6 transition in 3GPP • GPRS Scenario Dual Stack UE connecting to IPv4 and IPv6 nodes Dual IPv4 / IPv6 stack IPv6 UE connecting to an IPv6 node through an IPv4 network Tunneling IPv4 UE connecting to an IPv4 node through an IPv6 network IPv6 UE connecting to an IPv4 node Translator IPv4 UE connecting to an IPv6 node

  16. Dual IPv4/IPv6 Stack

  17. Tunneling Tunneling

  18. Implementation

  19. PDP contexts to IPv6 links

  20. IPv6 and 3G • Methods to obtain IPv6 address • Static • Dynamic • Stateless • Stateful – using DHCPv6 • 3G UE has no unique identifier like Ethernet nodes • Stateless configuration is different in 3G • It is based on PPPv6 configuration

  21. Static IPv6 address allocation GGSN SGSN MT 1Activate PDP Message (PDP type=IPv6, PDP address =IPv6 address) 2Create PDP message 3Create PDP Context Response 4Activate PDP Context accept Message

  22. Stateless Address Autoconfiguration MT BSS / UTRAN GGSN SGSN 1. Activate PDP Context Request (PDP type = IPv6, PDP Address = empty, …) 2. Create PDP Context request MT extracts Interface-ID from the link local address 3. Create PDP context response (PDP address = link local address, ..) 4. Activate PDP context accept GGSN configured to advertise only one network prefix 5. Router Solicitation 6. Router Advertisement (M flag = 0, Network Prefix…) Neighbor solicitation message shall be discarded by the GGSN except if part of the neighbor unreachability detection 7. Neighbor Solicitation 8. GGSN initiated PDP context modification procedure GGSN updates the SGSN and MT with the full IPv6 address

  23. Recommendation from IPv6 WG to 3GPP • Specify that multiple prefixes may be assigned to each primary context • Each prefixes must not be assigned to more than one primary PDP context • Allow 3GPP nodes to use multiple identifiers within those prefixes, including randomly generated identifiers

  24. What is QoS ? A video phone application requires: The application is compatible with that used by the phoned party The cost is not prohibitive There is a network path available to the other party The user knows the IP address of the terminal the other user The end terminals can reassemble the data packets into a sensible order The end terminals understand how to handle errors in packets The packets arrived at the minimum length of time Quality of Service in 3G

  25. QoS Management during handover Illustration of how handover can affect reservation based QoS

  26. Use of context transfer protocol

  27. IPv6 QoS for 3G – Differentiated Services • DiffServ defines 3 classes • Expedited forwarding (EF) • Assured Forwarding (AF) • Best Effort (BE) • Difference between wireless QoS and LAN QoS • Performance condition in wireless changes drastically when terminal is moving

  28. IPv6 QoS for 3G – Differentiated Services • 2 level of management • Intracell management – managed by Access router • Intercell management – managed by Edge router • QoS signaling can be encoded part of IPv6 flow label field but restricted to local access network • ICMPv6 as second method of signaling command

  29. High speed internet access (100Mbps) Rich content transmission Research Into….. Electromagnetic compatibility High-temperature superconductors Ultra-low-noise technologies Towards 4G (2007 ~ 2010) NTT DoCoMo

  30. Summary and Conclusion • Future Internet is largely wireless / mobile • IPv6 addressability needed for billions of wireless devices • Mobile IPv6 is better and more efficient than Mobile IPv4 • Autoconfiguration is suitable for the mobile Internet • Security is the key component for success • Seamless handover

  31. 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) (http://www.3gpp.org) http://www.3g-generation.com 3G Newsroom (http://www.3gnewsroom.com) Nokia (http://www.nokia.com/ipv6) Ericsson (http://www.ericsson.com) RFC 3314 – Recommendation for IPv6 in 3GPP standards Resources

  32. Thank You Gopinath Rao Sinniah gopi@aimst.edu.my

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