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Single Event Effects for commercial aerospace

Single Event Effects for commercial aerospace. Overview. Atmospheric Radiation and Single Event Effects Standards and Regulatory Status New Cosmic Ray Neutron Simulation Facility. Atmospheric Particle Cascades. Galactic cosmic rays and solar rays produce particle cascades in the atmosphere

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Single Event Effects for commercial aerospace

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  1. Single Event Effects for commercial aerospace

  2. Overview • Atmospheric Radiation and Single Event Effects • Standards and Regulatory Status • New Cosmic Ray Neutron Simulation Facility

  3. Atmospheric Particle Cascades • Galactic cosmic rays and solar rays produce particle cascades in the atmosphere • Resulting particles (mainly high energy neutrons) can interact with Integrated Circuits to cause Single Event Effects (SEE) Neutron flux is dependent on altitude and latitude. Rates are more than 300 times greater at 40,000 ft than at sea level Source: IBM, Journal of Research & Development Terrestrial Cosmic Rays and Soft Errors

  4. Atmospheric Radiation and Single Event Effects • Radiation effects • Neutrons are mainly responsible for causing single event effects • Altitude and latitude are factors in the varying neutron flux • Single Event Effects • Disturbance of an active electronic device caused by energy deposited from the interaction with a single energetic particle • An event occurs when an ionization charge from the energy deposition exceeds the devicecritical charge • Possible impacts • Corrupted data • CPU halts and interrupts • Unplanned events

  5. 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Normalized Neutron Flux Model Atmospheric Neutron Flux vs. Latitude 1-10 MeV Neutron Flux, n/cm²sec 1.8 0 1.6 0 20 40 60 80 100 1.4 Altitude, Thousands of Feet 1.2 1 1-10 MeV Neutron Flux, n/cm²-sec 0.8 Atmospheric Neutron Flux vs.Altitude 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 Source: Dr. Eugene Normand Boeing Radiation Effects Lab Latitude, degrees

  6. Impact on Semiconductors • The neutron density is higher at altitude, so avionic equipment is particularly prone to the effects of neutron radiation • Neutron fluxes derived from JESD89, 2001 Commercial jet (40,000 ft) Source: Actel white paper, "Effects of Neutrons on Programmable Logic," December, 2002. • Microcircuits are more likely to have Single Event Upsets or Latch-up at flight altitude compared to sea level

  7. Technology Trends • Increased SEE due to • Smaller circuit dimensions and lower voltage • Typical charge found at storage nodes decreases • Takes less energy to disturb stored information • Stored bit values are more easily corrupted • Cannot extrapolate behavior of future IC technologies from older devices • Significant increase in multiple cell upset for < 90 nm devices • Thermal radiation susceptibility due to presence of Boron 10

  8. Current Regulations • EASA CM No.: EASA CM – SWCEH – 001 Issue: 01. • Requires SEU analysis and its inclusion into the safety process. Release Date: January 8, 2018 (First Issue) • FAA Issue Paper – • Safety Impact of the <SYSTEM>’s Susceptibility to Atmospheric Neutrons

  9. Current Industry Standards • SAE AIR6219 – Development of Atmospheric Neutron Single Event Effects Analysis for Use in Safety Assessments, 2018 • JEDEC Standard, JESD89A, "Measurement and Reporting of Alpha Particle and Terrestrial Cosmic Ray-Induced Soft Errors in Semiconductor Devices", 2006. • JEDEC Standard, JESD89-3, Test Method for Beam Accelerated Soft Error Rate • IEC TC107 62396 PROCESS MANAGEMENT FOR AVIONICS – ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION EFFECTS – (Parts 1- 7) • Part 1: Accommodation of atmospheric radiation effects via single event effects within avionics electronic equipment

  10. Standards updates in progress • SEE topic updates in ARP4761A – • Guidelines and Methods for Conducting the Safety Assessment Process on Civil Airborne Systems and Equipment • Update to JEDEC Standard, JESD89-3, • Test Method for Beam Accelerated Soft Error Rate • IEC 62396 Series Update

  11. Need for Neutron Simulation Facility • Additional facilities needed for – • Increasing demand for SEE testing on components • Equipment level testing for robustness and mitigation verification • Thermal testing

  12. Oak ridge proposed Facility • Incorporates neutron beam for testing microelectronics within Spallation Neutron Source facility • World’s most intense pulsed accelerator-based neutron source • Flux level >50 times higher than current facilities

  13. Neutron facility Benefits • Additional capacity to meet current and future test needs for avionics and other reliability critical industries • More timely access • Current beam time availability impacting program development schedules • Over subscription issues at available facilities • Improved availability of more powerful and capable test beams • Device and equipment level testing • Equipment level testing allows for robustness and mitigation verification • High energy and thermal testing

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