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Fetal Period

Fetal Period. 8 weeks until birth of child Weight Organ development Muscles Movement of fetus. Infancy & Child Development. Reflexes Senses Motor skills Piaget’s Theory For Cognitive Development Vygotsky’s Theory Information Processing Theory Stages of Language.

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Fetal Period

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  1. Fetal Period • 8 weeks until birth of child • Weight • Organ development • Muscles • Movement of fetus

  2. Infancy & Child Development • Reflexes • Senses • Motor skills • Piaget’s Theory For Cognitive Development • Vygotsky’s Theory • Information Processing Theory • Stages of Language

  3. Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development • No longer view children as “mini adults” • Focus on how children think in “Schemas” • Ex: orange v. apple, dog v. cat • Sensorimotor birth- 2, explore world through senses • Preoperational 2 to 7, mentally represent objects with words • Concrete operational 7 to 12, classify objects based on characteristics • Formal operational 12 to adulthood, abstract reasoning, hypothetical, test hypothesis

  4. Vygotsky’s Theory/Information processing theory • Children and learning • Questions (memory cues) • Scaffolding • Improve memory function and capacity with age

  5. Stages of language • Cooing 2 months, vowel like sounds • Babbling 6 months, add consonant to vowel sounds • One-word speech- before 1, say actual words, juice, milk, etc. • Telegraphic speech 1 ½ mix words together • Mommy bye bye • Whole sentences-preschool, age 6, use grammatical terms & increase vocab.

  6. Psychosocial Development • Psychological & social development in infants and children • Development of personality, relationship, gender identity • Temperament (Thomas & Chess, 1977) • 3 Basic types • Attachment ( Mary Ainsworth, 1985) • 4 types

  7. Temperament • Easy-self regulate, schedule, happy, easily soothed • Difficult-irregular schedule, do not like CHANGE, crabby • Slow to warm up-quiet, more regular schedule, slow to deal with change • Infant temperament=how parents deal with issues/stress

  8. Attachment • Emotional bond between the baby & caregiver • Secure-able to explore, easily soothed, look at mothers • Avoidant-willingness to explore, no concern in mother’s whereabouts • Ambivalent-clingy, hard to soothe, mixed emotions • Disorganized-disoriented-fearful, dazed and depressed, no affect, abuse

  9. Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of Childhood, Adolescence, & adulthood • 1. Trust v. Mistrust • 2. Autonomy v. Shame/Doubt • 3. Initiative v. Guilt • 4. Industry v. inferiority • 5. Identity v. role Confusion • 6. Intimacy v. Isolation • 7. Generativity v. Stagnation • Ego integrity v. despair

  10. Trust v. Mistrust • Birth to 1 • Based on whether needs are met or not • Abuse/neglect

  11. Autonomy v. shame/doubt • 1 to 3 • Direct behavior • Success=autonomy • Fail=feelings of shame, doubt, inadequate

  12. Initiative v. guilt • Self regulation • 3 to 5 • Responsibility for actions

  13. Industry v. inferiority • Learn new skills • 5 to 12 • Competence • Self esteem • incompetent

  14. Identity v. Role Confusion • Who & what you want to be • Adolescence • Job, beliefs, attitudes, & behavior • Sense of identity

  15. Intimacy v. isolation • Early adulthood • Share “who you are” • Committed/intimate relationships • Loneliness, isolation

  16. Generativity v. Stagnation Middle adulthood Productive, creative, benefit self & others Self centered

  17. Ego integrity v. despair • Late adulthood • Wisdom, spirituality, wholeness, self acceptance • Success • Life is empty fear of death

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