Chapter 29

1. Chapter 29 Eisenhower: Moderate Republican

2. Section 1: The Republicans Return • Election of 1952 • Eisenhower’s Presidency • New Foreign Policy • The War in Indochina • Meeting at the Summit

3. Biography of Eisenhower

4. Election of 1952--Democrats • Democrats had been in office for the last 20 years • Korean War • Inflation • China • Adlai Stevenson

5. Election of 1952--Republicans • Republicans chose Eisenhower • Nickname • Promised to end the war in Korea • Won the Presidency easily

6. President Eisenhower’s Win

7. Eisenhower’s Presidency • Characteristics • John Foster Dulles • Demobilization • Massive Retaliation

8. H- Bomb Explodes

9. Brinkmanship • Definition • Benefits • Dangers

10. War in Indochina (1st) • Three Countries • Other Names • Ho Chi Minh • French vs. Communist Vietnamese • US’s actions • Geneva Conference

11. The Division of Vietnam • Divided into two in 1954 • Northern half would be Communist • Southern half would be free under the former emperor Bao Dai.

12. First Indochina War Video Clip

13. Pactomania • Definition • SEATO • METO

14. Meeting at the Summit • Stalin dies in 1953 • Nikita Khrushchev • Peaceful coexistence

15. Video Clip of Khrushchev

16. Spy Planes • US wanted to inspect other countries from the air. • Soviet Union rejected it • US sent spy planes anyway • U2

17. Everybody’sNew Deal Chapter 29 Section 2

18. Section 2 • Dynamic Conservatism • Reduce Government Activities • Public vs. Private Power • The Farm Problem • Fall of McCarthy • Election of 1956

19. Dynamic Conservatism • Democratic Fears • Liberal towards people • Conservative about spending public money • Continue New Deal programs • Attempt to move the federal government out of other areas

20. Reducing Government Activities • Budget • Taxes • Government Control • Compromise of Oil Deposits

21. Public vs. Private Power • Dams in Idaho • President supported private ownership • The TVA • Kept it owned by the federal government but from getting any larger

22. The Farm Problem • Overproduction • Farmers vs. Output • Benson Agricultural Act • “Soil Bank Plan” • Results of these efforts

23. The Moderate Republican • Social Security • Minimum wage • Other Programs • HEW—Dept of Health, Education and Welfare • Oveta Culp Hobby

24. The Fall of McCarthy • Suspension of government employees • McCarthy’s accusations • Televised Hearings • Censure—a formal reprimand

25. The Election of 1956 • Eisenhower and Nixon (R) vs. Stevenson and Kefauver (D) • Eisenhower won easily due to his popularity and the nation’s prosperity • However, the Republicans lost to the Democrats in both houses of Congress because the people favored democratic policies.

26. Civil Rights Chapter 29 Section 3

27. The Declaration of IndependenceEnacted: July 4, 1776 “We hold these truths to be self evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness…”

28. Second-Class Citizens • Under the Jim Crow Laws, many different things were segregated: • water fountains • restaurants • bathrooms • movie theaters • even cemeteries!

29. Plessy vs. Ferguson • Ruling: Separate but equal is constitutional • Thurgood Marshall

30. So, What & Who Lit the Modern Civil Rights Movement Match? • 1954 ~ U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Brown vs. Board of Education • 1955 ~ Rosa Parks

31. The South Resists • “Southern Manifesto”—document protesting the Brown vs. Board decision • They would use “massive resistance” against it.

32. Confrontation at Little Rock • Southern states oppose the Brown vs. Board of Education decision • Central High School • Orval Faubus • “Little Rock Nine” 1957

33. “I Have a Dream…” • Who: Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. • What: Non-violent, motivational protest speech When: August 28, 1963 Where: Washington D.C. Attendance: 250,000 people Event called: March on Washington D.C.

34. After the 1950s…. • Freedom Riders of 1961 • James Meredith 1962 • Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Malcolm X is assassinated 1965 • Black Panthers 1966 • Voting Rights Act

35. Difficulties Abroad Section 4 Mrs. Hauber

36. Coexistence • “Peaceful Coexistence” • East Berlin and Hungary

37. 1952 Egypt became independent 1954--Gamal Abdel Nassar Israel Problems in the Middle East

38. War Between Israel and Egypt • War between Israel and Egypt over Suez Canal • Soviet Involvement • Britain and France’s involvement • US does not help • UN Resolution

39. Robert Goddard V-2 Rocket Operation Paperclip Developing Missiles

40. First satellite to orbit the earth Launched by Russia on October 4, 1957 Sputnik Sputnik II—sent a dog “Laika” into space E. Sputnik

41. First US rocket Was a failure 2 months later Explorer I orbited the earth Vanguard Rocket

42. The government paid people to go to college for Math or Science We needed people to help the NASA Program National Defense Education Act

43. NASA • National Aeronautics and Space Administration established in 1958 • US Space Program

44. More Problems in the Middle East • Nassar had ties to Soviet Union • Importance of oil • Eisenhower Doctrine • Actions of US and British forces

45. Goodwill Tour Eisenhower and Khrushchev exchange visits Settled their Berlin issue through negotiations Easing Tensions

46. Eisenhower Steps Down • Warned Americans that they had to be prepared with vast military forces and enormous factories • Retired to Gettysburg, PA • Next President : JFK