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Aquatic Therapy (Hydrotherapy)

Aquatic Therapy (Hydrotherapy) By Ryan Berube The Benefits for Athletic Injuries Increased Mobility and strength Maintain fitness levels Decrease swelling Pain relief Removes weight from joints and bones Began jogging at an earlier stage of rehab

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Aquatic Therapy (Hydrotherapy)

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  1. Aquatic Therapy(Hydrotherapy) By Ryan Berube

  2. The Benefits for Athletic Injuries • Increased Mobility and strength • Maintain fitness levels • Decrease swelling • Pain relief • Removes weight from joints and bones

  3. Began jogging at an earlier stage of rehab Buoyancy allowed Carson Palmer to run neck deep underwater cameras allow Bengals athletic trainers to observe movements and diagnose any gait irregularities (Hydroworx,2006). Mr. Palmer

  4. History of Aquatic Therapy • Hippocrates used hydrotherapy extensively around 400 B.C. • Was Commonly used in Europe. • Treated diseases and maintained health. • Aquatic based rehabilitation was not used in the U.S. until early 1900’s. • This form of rehabilitation has evolved considerably throughout time.

  5. Properties of Water • Archimedes’ Principle • Buoyancy- The upward thrust acting on in the opposite direction of gravity • Specific gravity- The ratio of the mass of one substance to the mass of the same value of water (Andrews,2004).

  6. Hydrostatic Pressure Pascal’s law Control effusion in an injured extremity Increases blood flow Increase lymphatic return Viscosity Resistance to all fast movements in water Properties Continued

  7. Physiological Effects • Physiological changes occur when a person is immersed in water, both at rest and during exercise. • Changes that occur during water immersion are the result of hydrostatic pressure. • Because of the increase in blood flow and volume, the heart distends and myocardial wall tension increases resulting in a Frank-Starling reflex and a increase in stroke volume (Andrews,2004).

  8. Physiological Effects Cont’d • Water temperature for rehab is recommended to be between 82 and 98 deg F. • Decrease joint stiffness • Relieve muscle spasm • Increase blood flow • Assist in the inflammatory process

  9. Rehabilitation • Aquatic rehab offers advantages over land based rehab. • Buoyancy decreases weight bearing and joint compressive forces. • The viscosity associated with water provides accommodating resistance to exercise. • Water provides a good environment for cardiovascular training.

  10. Rehabilitation (Cardiovascular Conditioning) • Key component to the rehab program • Should have the appropriate warm up and cool down. • Walking, jogging, bicycling motions • Clinician can choose to rest the injured area or challenge the muscles specific to the sport. • Flotation vests may be used • 25 minutes, 5 times a week is recommended • Intensity and duration should mimic the athletes sport.

  11. Rehabilitation (Stretching) • Restore osteokinematics and joint arthrokinematics. • The buoyancy of water supports the extremities. • Warm water can provide a relaxing environment which may allow for increased soft tissue extensibility. • The duration of the stretch can vary. • Stretching should be performed throughout the rehab process.

  12. Rehabilitation (Upper Extremity) • The program should be sport specific. • Shoulder strengthening exercises that are performed on land can be performed in water. • Overhead activities

  13. Must consist of Open/Closed chain activities. Open chain exercises Closed chain exercises Balance and proprioception Rehabilitation (Lower Extremity)

  14. Rehabilitation (Core Strengthening) • Core Body strength and postural control are critical for any athlete (Andrews,2004). • Most extremity exercises also train the core body. • Standing leg kicks • Shoulder flexion/extension • Dynamic exercises • leg lifts, straight leg lifting • Eccentric exercises • Can use a buoyant ball for exercises

  15. Return to Sport • An extensive aquatic rehab program will challenge the athlete while allowing him/her to train and condition along with providing adequate recovery time (Andrews,2004). • Clinician should rely on subjective input and the athlete’s response to functional testing to determine readiness. • Athletes should be able to complete any testing with proper form and without any increase in pain or swelling before resuming land activities (Andrews,2004).

  16. Arthritis Orthopedic Chronic pain Neuromuscular and Neurological Pediatric Weight Loss Special Conditions

  17. References • Andrews R., James, M.D., Gary, Ed.D.,ATC Harrelson L., and Kevin, PT Wilk E. Physical Rehabilitation of the Injured Athlete. 3rd ed. Philadelphia:SAUNDERS, 2004. • Hydrotherapy. 20 Nov. 2006. 29 Nov. 2006 <http://www.tuberosecom/Hydrotherapy.html>. Path: Aquatic Rehabilitation. • Hydroworx. 29 Nov. 2006. 24 Nov. 2006 <http://www.hydroworx.com>.

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