Formatting Quotations

1. Formatting Quotations A few things to remember

2. When a quotation follows a complete sentence: USE A COLON • In Animal Farm by George Orwell, Napoleon’s power is reliant on Squealer’s use of language as a tool for manipulation. The animals on the farm are presented with contradicting ideas from Napoleon. Napoleon states that all animals are equal and then takes away all decision making power from the animals. Napoleon must rely on Squealer to maintain his power over the animals. Squealer’s ability to manipulate the animals using language is evident through the ease with which he persuades the other animals: “[Napoleon] would be only too happy to let you make the wrong decisions, comrades, and then where should we be…One false step and our enemies would be upon us” (Orwell 50). Squealer uses language that instills fear in the animals and produces a logical explanation for Napoleon’s actions. The animals are manipulated by Squealer’s rhetoric and are able to accept Napoleon as a leader. Without Squealer, Napoleon’s power would be in jeopardy as the animals would not easily accept the new rules and regulations that Napoleon creates. This demonstrates that language can be used to manipulate and therefore maintain one’s power.

3. When setting up spoken dialogue, use a COMMA • In Animal Farm by George Orwell, Napoleon’s power is reliant on Squealer’s use of language as a tool for manipulation. The animals on the farm are presented with contradicting ideas from Napoleon. Napoleon states that all animals are equal and then takes away all decision making power from the animals. Napoleon must rely on Squealer to maintain his power over the animals. Squealer’s ability to manipulate the animals using language is evident when he says,“[Napoleon] would be only too happy to let you make the wrong decisions, comrades, and then where should we be…One false step and our enemies would be upon us” (Orwell 50). Squealer uses language that instills fear in the animals and produces a logical explanation for Napoleon’s actions. The animals are manipulated by Squealer’s rhetoric and are able to accept Napoleon as a leader. Without Squealer, Napoleon’s power would be in jeopardy as the animals would not easily accept the new rules and regulations that Napoleon creates. This demonstrates that language can be used to manipulate and therefore maintain one’s power.

4. Also, use a COMMA when it would be grammatically appropriate to integrate the quotation within the sentence. • In George Orwell’s Animal Farm, the character Napoleon uses propaganda as a manipulative tool to distract the animals from the hardships that they face. Under Napoleon’s dictatorship, the Seven Commandments and the moral principles of Animalism are broken, and thus, the animals face many hardships. Such hardships include food rations, oil rations, a ban on Sunday recreation, and exhaustion from the extra labour required to build the windmill. To divert the animals from their miseries and maintain their loyalty, Napoleon holds Spontaneous Demonstrations where the animals come together to celebrate the successes of animal farm. These demonstrations are filled with propaganda ceremonies such as marches in the precincts of the farm, songs, and motivational speeches. This excessive use of propaganda comforts, entertains, and distracts the animals from hardships, and in fact, “with the songs, the processions, Squealer’s list of figures, the thunder of the gun, the crowing of the cockerel, and the fluttering of the flag, they were able to forget that their bellies were empty” (Orwell 97). The Spontaneous Demonstrations are effective because of their celebratory nature, offering a break from the work on the windmill, and also because the use of propaganda creates unity amongst Animal Farm. Propaganda allows for social control because it manipulates the animals to believe that they are suffering for a good cause, and/or the joyfulness during these ceremonies altogether makes the comrades forget about the reality of their day-to-day hardships. Thus, despite any miseries, the animals remain loyal to Napoleon.

5. Inserting the quotation into the context of the sentence: a few different methods.“Quotation,” blah blah blah, “quotation” (ref). • To divert the animals from their miseries and maintain their loyalty, Napoleon holds Spontaneous Demonstrations, where the animals come together to celebrate the successes of Animal Farm. The Spontaneous Demonstrations are filled with propaganda ceremonies such as marches in the precincts of the farm, and motivational speeches. “The songs, the processions, Squealer’s list of figures, the thunder of the gun, the crowing of the cockerel, and the fluttering of the flag” comfort, entertain, and distract the animals to the point where “they [are] able to forget that their bellies [are] empty” (Orwell 97). The Spontaneous Demonstrations are effective because of their celebratory nature, offering a break from the work on the windmill, and also because the use of propaganda creates unity amongst Animal Farm.

6. Blah blah blah, “quotation” blah blah blah • To divert the animals from their miseries and maintain their loyalty, Napoleon holds Spontaneous Demonstrations, where the animals come together to celebrate the successes of Animal Farm. The Spontaneous Demonstrations are filled with propaganda ceremonies such as marches in the precincts of the farm, and motivational speeches. This excessive use of propaganda such as“the songs, the processions, Squealer’s list of figures, the thunder of the gun, the crowing of the cockerel, and the fluttering of the flag”entertain and distract the animals to the point where they forget about the food rations and aching labour(Orwell 97). The Spontaneous Demonstrations are effective because of their celebratory nature, offering a break from the work on the windmill, and also because the use of propaganda creates unity amongst Animal Farm.

7. “Quotation” blah blah blah. • To divert the animals from their miseries and maintain their loyalty, Napoleon holds Spontaneous Demonstrations, where the animals come together to celebrate the successes of Animal Farm. The Spontaneous Demonstrations are filled with propaganda ceremonies such as marches in the precincts of the farm, and motivational speeches. “The songs, the processions, Squealer’s list of figures, the thunder of the gun, the crowing of the cockerel, and the fluttering of the flag”are the ceremonial activities which allow the animals to temporarily escape the hardships of their daily lives, such as labour(Orwell 97). The Spontaneous Demonstrations are effective because of their celebratory nature, offering a break from the work on the windmill, and also because the use of propaganda creates unity amongst Animal Farm.

8. Blah blah blah, “quotation…quotation” (ref). • To divert the animals from their miseries and maintain their loyalty, Napoleon holds Spontaneous Demonstrations, where the animals come together to celebrate the successes of Animal Farm. The Spontaneous Demonstrations are filled with propaganda ceremonies such as marches in the precincts of the farm, and motivational speeches. This excessive use of propaganda comforts, entertains, and distracts the animals from hardships, and in fact, with “the songs, the processions…and the fluttering of the flag they were able to forget that their bellies were empty” (Orwell 97). The Spontaneous Demonstrations are effective because of their celebratory nature, offering a break from the work on the windmill, and also because the use of propaganda creates unity amongst Animal Farm.

9. Long Quotations: 4 or more lines of text • In Animal Farm by George Orwell, the pigs have superior knowledge and are able to manipulate the other animals. The pigs, who assume leadership over the other animals, are literate and organize the principles of the farm. The leader, Napoleon, takes advantage of Animal Farm’s Seven Commandments, which are rule for all animals to live in harmony. Napoleon make the commandments malleable so that he can break them: A few days later, when the terror caused by the executions had died down, some of the animals remembered – or thought they remembered – that the Sixth Commandment decreed: ‘No animal shall kill any other animal’. And though no one cared to mention it in the hearing of the pigs or dogs it was felt that the killings which had taken place did not square with this. Clover asked Benjamin, as usual to read her the Sixth Commandment, and when Benjamin, as usual said he refused to meddle in such matters, she fetched Muriel. Muriel read the Commandment for her. It ran: ‘No animal shall kill any other animal without cause.’ (Orwell 78) Squealer, Napoleon’s assistant, is responsible for rewriting the commandments, and is the public speaker on Napoleon’s behalf. The other animals, who are not as intelligent as the pigs, are unsure whether or not the changed commandment has always been thus. They are unaware that the pigs are taking advantage of them.