Designated Person Indoor Air Quality Training Program

1. Designated Person Indoor Air Quality Training Program Public Employees Occupational Safety and Health (PEOSH) Program

2. Purpose of Designated Person Training • Discuss role and responsibilities • Understand basic IAQ terminology • Explain a basic HVAC system • Review PEOSH IAQ standard • Discuss how to recognize and solve basic IAQ problems • Discuss necessary steps to respond to employee’s complaints • When and how to obtain assistance

3. Recommended Skills and Authority of Designated Person • Knowledgeable about NJ IAQ Standard • Familiar with basic issues regarding IAQ • Working knowledge of air handling system • Be in a position of authority • Effectively communicate with management, staff, maintenance, contractors • Good problem solver • Available

4. Role of the Designated Person • Coordinate IAQ Activities • Prepare Written IAQ Program • Establish and follow preventive maintenance procedures • Track unscheduled maintenance • Establish control measures for pollutants • Renovation and construction • Specific facility operations • Maintenance activities • Recordkeeping • Annual Written IAQ Program Review

5. Management of IAQA Coordinated Effort

6. Management of IAQA Coordinated Effort

7. IAQ Basics • Problems occur in many types of buildings • Problems reflect both comfort and health related issues • Primary sources of IAQ problems include: • Ventilation • Contaminants generated indoors • Infiltration of outdoor contaminants • Unidentified sources

8. IAQ Basics • Types of Air Contaminants • Vapors – Solid or liquid converted by heat to a gaseous state (i.e., methylene chloride, mercury) • Gases – Formless fluid occupying an enclosure which confines it (i.e., carbon dioxide, oxygen) • Fumes – Condensation of gas into particle <1 micrometers (µm) (welding) • Dust – Particulate ranging in size from 0.1 to 25µm • Fibers – An elongated particle with aspect ratio of greater than 3:1 • Bioaerosols – Airborne particles that originate from living organisms (i.e., pollen, spores, fragments, waste)

9. Acceptable IAQ American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) defines acceptable IAQ as: “air in which there are no known contaminants at harmful concentrationsas determined by authorities and at which a substantial majority (80% or more) of the people exposed do not express dissatisfaction”

10. IAQ Basics • Health Effects • Varied and non-specific • Reports of health related problems and comfort issues • Air monitoring does not always support their existence

11. SBS Symptoms: Do not fit the pattern of any particular illness Difficult to trace to a specific source Relief occurs upon leaving the building BRI Symptoms: Are often accompanied by physical signs identified by a physician and/or laboratory findings Relief from illness may not occur upon leaving the building Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) vs. Building-Related Illness (BRI)

12. SBS Symptoms: Headaches Eye, nose, throat irritation Dry or itchy skin Fatigue Dizziness Nausea Loss of concentration BRI Symptoms: Eye, nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract irritation Skin irritation or rashes Chills, fever, cough, chest tightness, congestion, sneezing, runny nose Muscle aches Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) vs. Building-Related Illness (BRI)

13. Building-Related Illnesses • Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis • Asthma • Chemical Sensitivity • Legionnaires’ Disease

14. IAQ Basics • Factors Affecting IAQ • Building occupant activities • Design and condition of HVAC • Construction and renovation activities • General outdoor sources

15. IAQVentilation System • Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) • Purpose • Regulates the temperature and humidity for comfort • Supplies general ventilation to decrease indoor pollutants

16. IAQBasic Ventilation System

17. IAQComplex Ventilation System

18. IAQVentilation System

19. IAQVentilation System

20. IAQVentilation System • Air Handling Unit (AHU) • Air Filters • Air filters should have a dust-spot rating between 35% and 80% or a Minimum Efficiency Rating Value (MERV) of between 8 and 13 • Some filters are not efficient enough to remove small fungal and bacterial spores

21. IAQVentilation System

22. IAQVentilation System • Air Handling Unit (AHU) • Humidification and Dehumidification • Humidification provides moisture to the air and dehumidification removes the moisture • Maintain relative humidity below 60% in all occupied spaces and in low air-velocity plenums

23. IAQVentilation System • Air Handling Unit (AHU) • Coils and Drain Pans • Coils dehumidify the air forming condensate water which is released into drain pans and removed from the AHU

24. IAQVentilation System • Air Handling Unit (AHU) • Return Air Plenum - Space above ceiling tiles is often used as return air plenum • Maintain all exhaust systems that pass through plenum • No exhaust should be released into the plenum • Prevent contamination of the area and ensure air flow is not blocked

25. IAQVentilation System • Ducts • Move the filtered and conditioned air to occupied areas of the building

26. IAQVentilation System • Fans • Ensure fan belts are operating properly • Rotation

27. IAQVentilation System • Local Exhaust System • Buildings should remain under slightly positive pressure to avoid bringing in unfiltered air

28. IAQVentilation System • Dampers • Check condition of dampers and controls • Ensure dampers are operable and meet the design specifications for bringing in outdoor air • Clean screens and grilles and prevent obstructions in this area

29. IAQ BasicsBuilding Conditions and Effects • Problem: Poorly regulated temperature and humidity levels • Effects: • Temperature complaints • Condensation, microbial contamination • Dryness, upper respiratory irritation, nosebleeds • Solutions: • Check system sizing • Adjust dampers • Location of controls

30. IAQ BasicsBuilding Conditions and Effects • Problem: Disruption of air circulation • Effects: • Stagnant air • Temperature extremes • Solutions: • Ensure sizing of HVAC system • Balancing • Inspect for blocked supply diffusers

31. IAQ BasicsBuilding Conditions and Effects • Problem: Lack of Fresh Air • Effects: • Stagnant air • Odors • Increased contaminant concentrations • Solutions: • Develop and follow preventive maintenance schedule • Ensure dampers are open and operational • Inspect filters for condition and compatibility

32. IAQVentilation System

33. PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13 et seq. • Adopted in 1998 • First IAQ Standard in U.S. • Revised in 2007, PEOSH AdvisoryBoard, IAQ Subcommittee • Effective date: May 21, 2007

34. PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13 et seq. • 13.1 Scope • 13.2 Definitions • 13.3 Compliance Program • 13.4 Control of Specific Contaminant Sources • 13.5 Air Quality During Renovation & Remodeling • 13.6 Recordkeeping • 13.7 Employer’s Response to Complaints • 13.8 IAQ Compliance Documents

35. PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13.1 Scope: This subchapter shall apply to matters relating to indoor air quality in buildings occupied by public employees during regular work hours.

36. PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13.2 Definitions (selected): • "Designated person" means a person who has been given the responsibility by the employer to take necessary measures to assure compliance with this subchapter. • "Office building" means a building in which administrative, clerical or educational activities are conducted. Examples of facilities and/or operations, which are not office buildings, include repair shops, garages, print shops and warehouses.

37. PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13.2 Definitions (selected): • "HVAC system" means the collective components of the heating, ventilation and air-conditioning system including, but not limited to, filters and frames, cooling coil condensate drip pans and drainage piping, outside air dampers and actuators, humidifiers, air distribution ductwork, automatic temperature controls, and cooling towers. • "Renovation and remodeling" means building modification involving activities that include but are not limited to: removal or replacement of walls, roofing, ceilings, floors, carpet, and components such as moldings, cabinets, doors, and windows; painting; decorating; demolition; surface refinishing; and removal or cleaning of ventilation ducts.

38. PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13.3 • Compliance Program • Employer shall identify and train a Designated Person • Employer’s designated person shall: • Establish and follow a preventative maintenance schedule • Ensure that damaged or inoperable components are replaced or repaired promptly, ensure no microbial growth • Implement the use of general or local exhaust ventilation • Check the HVAC system when carbon dioxide levels exceed 1,000 ppm

39. PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13.3 • Compliance Program • Employer’s designated person shall: • Check HVAC system if temperature range is outside 68°F-79°F • Prevent contamination of fresh air supply • Check natural ventilation portals are maintained • Promptly investigate all employee complaints about BRI or SBS • Prepare written plan (including required components) • Review and update written plan annually

40. PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13.4 • Control Specific Indoor Contaminants • Microbial Contaminants • Promptly repair water intrusion that can promote growth of biological • Remediate damp/wet material by drying or removal within 48hrs of discovery and continue until water intrusion is eliminated • Remove visible microbial contamination

41. PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13.5 • Renovation and Remodeling: • Evaluate chemical hazards • Notify employees 24 hours prior to any construction • Utilize local exhaust ventilation • Isolate construction areas (scheduling, physical barriers, pressure differentials) • Construction areas required to be cleaned and aired out as necessary prior to re-occupancy

42. PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13.6 • Recordkeeping • Required Records • Written IAQ Program • Documentation of Designated Person Training • Written Preventive Maintenance Program • Preventive Maintenance Log

43. PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13.6 • Recordkeeping • Requirements: • Maintained for 3 years • Available to employees and representatives for examination and copying ASAP or within 10 working days • Available immediately during PEOSH inspection

44. PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13.7 • Employer’s Response to Signed PEOSH Complaint: Not currently used.

45. PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13.8 • IAQ Compliance Documents • As-built construction documents • HVAC System Commissioning Report • HVAC Systems Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing Reports • Operations and Maintenance Manuals • Water Treatment Logs • Operator Training Materials Must be provided to PEOSH, upon request (if available)

46. Other Standards Related to IAQ(Overview) • PEOSH General Industry (29 CFR 1910.1001) and Construction (29 CFR 1926.1101) Asbestos Standards • Identification of asbestos-containing materials in all buildings (pre-1980) • Labeling and signage requirements • Annual awareness training • Notification of outside contractors • Other Federal and State Asbestos Standards • Schools (AHERA)-U.S. EPA/NJDHSS • NJ Uniform Construction Code-Subchapter 8, NJ Dept. of Community Affairs (NJDCA)

47. Other Standards Related to IAQ(Overview) • Air Contaminants Standard (29 CFR 1910.1000, Tables Z-1, Z-2) • Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020)

48. PEOSH Program Response to Unacceptable IAQ • Conduct Employee Interviews • Review Building Operations & Maintenance Procedures • Walk-through Inspection • Inspect HVAC System • Review As-builts • Conduct Sampling, if necessary • Complete PEOSH IAQ Checklist

49. IAQPreventive Maintenance (PM) • Equipment List • Master Schedule • Documentation

50. IAQRecommended Inspection Protocol • Fan belts operate properly and in good condition • Filters are installed properly and replaced as scheduled • Dampers are open as designed and not blocked • Motor functions properly • Diffusers are opened • Condensate pans drained • Supply and exhaust system are properly balanced