1 / 24

Skeletal System

Skeletal System. Mrs. Northeim Part 1 of 2 Anatomy & Physiology. Skeletal/Bone. Introduction Classification by shape Classification by division 3 main components of axial division Diagram bones. Bones provide the body with structure and support

ouida
Download Presentation

Skeletal System

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Skeletal System Mrs. Northeim Part 1 of 2 Anatomy & Physiology

  2. Skeletal/Bone • Introduction • Classification by shape • Classification by division • 3 main components of axial division • Diagram bones

  3. Bones provide the body with structure and support 206 bones with joints and connective tissue Introduction

  4. Bone Structure • Classification by shape • Long bones– located primarily in the arms and legs • Femur (thigh bone) • Humerus (upper arm bone) • Short bones – small bones located in the wrists and ankles • Carpals (wrist bones) • Tarsals(ankle bones)

  5. Bone Structure (cont.) • Flat bones – located in the skull and rib cage • Ribs • Frontal bone • Irregular bones • Vertebrae • Bones of the pelvic girdle

  6. Divisions Axial – 80 bones Skull Vertebral column Rib cage Appendicular– 126 bones Arms and legs Pectoral girdle Pelvic girdle How we will study the bones.

  7. Main parts of axial skeleton • Skull • Vertebral column • Thoracic cage

  8. Cranium - Skull 1. Cranial bones • Frontalbone – forehead • Parietalbone – top sides • Temporalbones – hence the name “temples” • Occipitalbone – back of head • Sphenoid bone – resembles a bat with wings. Anchors the frontal, parietal, occipital and ethmoid bones • Ethmoidbone – medial walls of eye orbit.

  9. Facial bones • Maxillae– upper jaw • Mandible– lower jaw • Zygomaticbones – cheek bone • Nasalbones – upper nose between eye orbits, “bridge of nose” • Lacrimalbone – fingernail shaped bones by tear ducts (nasal lacrimal ducts) • Palatinebones – forms hard (anterior) portion of palate • Vomer– inside bone of nose

  10. Bony Structures (cont.)

  11. Bony Structures (cont.)

  12. Hyoid Bone • U shaped bone in the neck below the mandible and above the larnyx • “Adam’s apple”…..more defined in men – determines the tone of the larynx

  13. Vertebral column • 24 vertebrae + sacrum + coccyx • It is flexible because it is segmented • Vertebral anatomy • encases the spinal cord • balances the head on top • Serves as point of attachment for ribs and lower extremities

  14. Vertebral column • Cervical vertebra • 7 in the neck. Called C1-C7. Top one holds the head on – called the atlas. The second one allows the head to “swivel” – called the axis • Thoracic vertebra • 12 of them, called T1-T12 • Lumbar vertebra • 5 of them, called L1-L5

  15. Vertebral column • Sacral vertebrae “sacrum” • A fusion of 5 bones, S1-S5 • Coccyx – “tail bone” • A single bone. Fusion of 4 or 5.

  16. The Spinal Column • 7 cervical vertebrae • 12 thoracic vertebrae • 5 lumbar vertebrae • Sacrum • Coccyx

  17. Vertebrae ComparedSuperior View of Cervical, Thoracic & Lumbar VertebraePosterior View of the Sacrum Body Vertebral foramen Anterior tubercle Posterior tubercle Foramen transversarium or transverse foramen Demifacet for head of rib Superior articular process Pedicle Lamina Transverse process Spinous process or spine Lateral mass Posterior sacral foramina Coccyx Sacral hiatus

  18. Sternum • Dagger shaped bone, called “breastbone” • Manubrium • Top part of sternum • Body • Mid part of sternum bone below Manubrium and above Xiphoid process. • Xiphoid process • Little point at the end of the sternum. Often breaks during CPR if hands are not positioned correctly.

  19. 12 pairs of ribs All are attached posteriorly to thoracic vertebrae True First seven pairs of ribs Attach to sternum by costal cartilage False Rib pairs 8, 9, and 10 Attach to the costal cartilage of rib pair 7 Floating Rib pairs 11 and 12 Do not attach anteriorly to any structure The Rib Cage (cont.)

More Related