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Major Prophets. Isaiah Jeremiah Ezekiel Daniel 5 books: 4 named after the prophets + Lamentation Major because of the size of the prophecy There are 12 minor prophets. Prophecies. What? Announcement of matters before their occurrence.
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Major Prophets • Isaiah • Jeremiah • Ezekiel • Daniel 5 books: 4 named after the prophets + Lamentation Major because of the size of the prophecy There are 12 minor prophets
Prophecies • What? Announcement of matters before their occurrence. • By Whom? "for prophecy never came by the will of man, but holy men of God spoke as they were moved by the Holy Spirit.“-2Peter 1:21 • Why? "And now I have told you before it comes, that when it does come to pass, you may believe.” -John 14:29 • So we find comfort in knowing that all things are in the hands of the Almighty God.
Messages • Warnings against disobedience (rejecting God / sinning) • Call to repentance • Predictions of punishment (chastisement) • Predictions of restoration / ultimate Salvation • Specific Messianic prophecies and establishing the Kingdom of God
History of Israel 1050 B.C. Saul anointed king 1010Death of Saul; David king over Judah 1003David king over all Israel 970End of David’s reign 970 – 930Solomon’s reign – Solomon’s Temple Divided Kingdom 930 – 722Kingdom of Israel – Northern Kingdom – Capital Samaria 930 – 586 Kingdom of Judah – Southern Kingdom – Capital Jerusalem Assyrians Babylonians Ministry of Isaiah (740 – 680) Ministry of Jeremiah (626 – 580) 70 years of exile Ministry of Ezekiel (593 – 571) and Daniel (605 – 530) 538-518 Return from exile and Temple rebuilt (Zerubbabel’s Temple)
Thomas Nelson Publishers: Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn. : Thomas Nelson, 1996
Exile and Return • 722 B.C. Fall of Samaria to the Assyrians - Sargon III • 605 (1) Nebuchadnezzar invasion campaign • 586 (2) Fall of Jerusalem to the Babylonians (Chaldeans) – Nebuchadnezzar • Leading Judeans deported, including Daniel and Ezekiel • Daniel’s career in exile – Ezekiel • 538 (1) Edict of Cyrus, the Persian emperor, permitting the return • 536 Return of about 50,000 from Babylon to Jerusalem • Altar rebuilt, sacrifice offered in the seventh month • 535 Temple begun, but stopped – economic and political struggle • 520 Ministry of Haggai and Zechariah • 515 (2) Temple completed by Zerubbabel, Joshua as high priest • 481 Esther as queen, Xerxes I (Ahasuerus) as king • 458 (3) Ezra returned in the reign of Artaxerxes I; Law revived • 445 (3) Nehemiah rebuilt the walls • Malachi’s prophecy • 70 years of Jeremiah 25:11-12 and 29:10 • 70 years of Zechariah 1:12 and 7:5 • Ezra 7:11 and Nehemiah 2:6 – Beginning of Daniel’s 62+7=69 weeks or 483 years
Questions • Prophet lived through the Assyrian invasion • Isaiah - Jeremiah • Ezekiel - Daniel • Empire that destroyed Solomon’s Temple • Assyrian - Babylonian • Persian - Macedonian • Year Northern Kingdom fell • 722 B.C. - 605 B.C. • 586 B.C. - 515 B.C. • Year Southern Kingdom fell • 722 B.C. - 605 B.C. • 586 B.C. - 515 B.C. • Prophet who witnessed the destruction of Jerusalem • Isaiah - Jeremiah • Ezekiel - Daniel • The earliest of the major prophets • Isaiah - Jeremiah • Ezekiel - Daniel • Prophets who were exiled by the Babylonians • Isaiah & Jeremiah - Jeremiah & Ezekiel • Ezekiel & Daniel - Daniel & Isaiah • Their ministry lasted 60-70 years • Isaiah & Jeremiah - Jeremiah & Ezekiel • Ezekiel & Daniel - Daniel & Isaiah
Questions • Capital of Northern Kingdom • Jerusalem - Samara • Babel - Nineveh • Capital of Southern Kingdom • Jerusalem - Samara • Babel - Nineveh • Rulers of the Southern Kingdom • Descendants of Saul - Descendants of David • Babylonians - Assyrians • Prophets gave messages of • Disobedience to God - Peace and comfort • Punishment for sin - God’s tolerance • The one who died the last of the major prophets • Isaiah - Jeremiah • Ezekiel - Daniel • Their ministry lasted 20-40 years • Isaiah & Jeremiah - Jeremiah & Ezekiel • Ezekiel & Daniel - Daniel & Isaiah