Origins of the Cold War

1. Origins of the Cold War Ch 13.1

2. Monday, May 7, 2012 • Daily goal(s): Understand the causes of the Cold War. • Understand how Containment and the Truman Doctrine dealt w/ Communism.

3. Brainstorm • What is Communism? • Write down 5 things you associate with Communism.

4. What happened to the World Powers? World Powers Before WWII Status after WII Defeated/Broke Humiliated/Broke Weak/Broke Victorious/Booming Victorious/Rebuilding • Germany- • France- • Britain- • America- • Soviet Union-

5. Cold War? • Why do you think its called a Cold War?

6. The Cold War • Era of confrontation and competition between the US and Soviet Union from 1946-1990.

7. Background information • The United States believed that economic problems (the Depression) caused WWII. • Countries with high unemployment elected radical leaders (Hitler! Mussolini!) • The Depression was worsened by limiting trade. • FDR believed creating economic growth would build world peace. • Trade barriers were largely eliminated.

9. Conflicting Goals

10. The Conferences • Before the War’s end the Allies were meeting to plan the post war world.

13. Occupied Germany • Germany was occupied and divided into 4 zones: American, French, British and Soviet zones. • The capital Berlin was in the Soviet zone, but split like the rest of the country in 4.

14. What is the Iron Curtain?

18. Iron Curtain • Separated the Communist nations of Eastern Europe from the West. • The communist countries of Eastern Europe were called Satellite nations, because they were under Soviet influence.

19. Containment • Trying to stop the spread of Communism using diplomatic, economic and military actions.

20. Truman Doctrine • The US committed to aiding “free peoples” (those fighting Communism)

21. Think About it… • Who is more likely to become a Communist country- a rich country? Or a poor country?

26. GERMAN CITY OF HAMBURG IN 1947 BEFORE THE MARSHALL PLAN HAMBURG, 1952, AFTER THE MARSHALL PLAN

27. WITH HELP FROM THE MARSHALL PLAN WESTERN EUROPEAN ECONOMIES REVIVE

28. The Marshall Plan is a major factor in Western Europe's recovery from the devastation of WWII

31. Marshall Plan • Gave European nations American aid to rebuild their economies. • Weakened appeal of Communism • Opened New Markets for Trade

32. Berlin Airlift 1948-49 • Read pg. 611 The Berlin Airlift • 1948 Western Germany formed • U.S.S.R. retaliates- hold Western Berlin hostage • U.S. 327 days, 277,000 flights, 2.3 million tons of supplies

38. BERLIN AIRLIFT: JUNE 1948 TO MAY 1949

39. EVERYTHING FROM COAL TO CHOCOLATE WAS FLOWN IN BY FLEETS OF AMERICAN AND BRITISH CARGO PLANES MAKING SMALL PARACHUTES TO DROP CANDY TO BERLIN CHILDREN LOADING BAGS OF COAL

40. PRESIDENT TRUMAN MADE IT CLEAR THAT IF ONE CARGO PLANE WAS SHOT DOWN IT WOULD MEAN WAR BETWEEN THE US AND USSR

41. IN MAY OF 1949 THE RUSSIANS ENDED THE BERLIN BLOCKADE

43. Berlin Airlift • Britain, France and USA merged their zones into West Germany. • Threatened by this the Soviets cut off all traffic to West Berlin. • The US responded by supplying West Berlin by Air.