Print & Sustainability

1. Print & Sustainability Printing Ink Andrew Matthews Technical Director - Publication

2. Outline • Ink Types & Applications • Ink Drying Methods • Ink Raw Materials • Supply Chain • Renewable Resources/Sustainablity • Beyond the Raw Materials

3. What is an ink? “An ink is some sticky stuff with colored rocks in it” Dave Harrison, TM Flint Ink - circa 1986 Ink contains finely ground pigment particles dispersed into a vehicle that transports the pigment through the printing machine and affixes the colorant to the substrate.

4. Ink Types Paste Inks Heatset Coldset Newsink UV/EB Sheetfed Forms Liquid Inks Gravure Flexographic UV Flexographic Ink Jet

5. Oxidation Polymerization Evaporation O2 O2 O2 UV/EB Ink Drying Mechanisms Absorption Slurp!

6. Paste Ink Raw Materials • Organic Pigments • Resins • Hydrocarbon • Rosin modified phenolic esters • Oils • Vegetable • Naphthenic • Distillates • Specific boiling ranges refined from crude oil • Waxes • Polyethylene • Microcrystalline

7. Printing Ink Raw Material Sources Paper Production Vegetable Oils Gum Rosin Natural Gas Crude Oil Light End Naptha Gas Separation Steam Cracker Refinery Fuel Markets Dry Gas BTX-(benzene, toluene, xylene) Jet Fuel & Gasoline Ethylene Propylene Gas Oil Tall Oil Resin Oils C-5 BTX Catalytic Cracker Solvent Extraction Hydro Treatment Acetic Acid Ethanol Propion Aldehyde Acrylic Acid Toluene Benzene Napthalene Ortho- xylene DCPD C-9 2B, 4B, C-Amine DCB AAA Polymers Beta Napthol Phthalic Anhydride Di-ketene Ethyl Acetate Propanol BONA Blue Crude Arylides AAA N. Propyl Acetate Red 2B Lithol Rubine Lithols Red Lake C Red 2B Lithol Rubine Red Lake C AAA AAOT Yellows Carbon Black News Ink Oils Ink Solvents Rosin Resins Phthalo Blue AAA Yellows Flushings, Dispersions & Dry Pigment Fluid Solvent Inks Waterbase Inks Gravure Inks Litho, Heatset & News Inks Varnishes Hydrocarbon Resins

8. Ink Types - Drying Method * Water not included

9. The Issues • Products must perform equally • Quality • Press Performance • Efficiencies • Products must be similar in cost • Ideally equal cost of use

10. The Problem - Renewable Resource Use • Application limited • Most renewable resources are non-volatile • Soybean oil • Linseed Oil • Gum Rosin • Tall Oil • This rules out high quantities in any ink dried by evaporation. • Competition for Resources • Biodiesel • Corn plantings for ethanol production reduced soybean crop • High price of crude oil makes tall oil attractive as a fuel • Gum rosin harvests affected by urbanization

11. Beyond Raw Materials It’s not just about “green” products - it’s about being a “green” company. • Products • Reformulation • New material sources • Production • Reduced batch times • Energy efficient equipment & lighting • Reduced waste • Product Use • Higher strength - use less, ship less, fewer deliveries (milk runs) • Waste recycling

12. Sustainability Statement • “Each day, Flint Group customers are faced with two important challenges relating to the environment, safety and health • Environmentally responsible printing, with emphasis on minimizing the environmental impact while delivering high performance products that meets its customers and consumer needs • Safety of the products and materials they use in today's complex print jobs. The products must be safe for use, and safe for the consumer • Flint Group is committed to formulating state-of-the-art, products that deliver maximum performance and quality while minimizing potential negative impact to the environment, health and safety. Our formula designs take into account the goal of the triple bottom line; products which will meet societal and economic requirements while minimizing the impact to the environment.”

13. Thank You Questions?