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Object Localization Using RFID

Object Localization Using RFID. Kirti Chawla , Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang. Department of Computer Science University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA {kirti, robins, lz3m}@virginia.edu.

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Object Localization Using RFID

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  1. Object Localization Using RFID Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang Department of Computer Science University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA {kirti, robins, lz3m}@virginia.edu This work is supported by U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) grant: CNS-0716635 (PI: Prof. Gabriel Robins) For more details, visit: www.cs.virginia.edu\robins Palazzo Ducale, Modena, Italy, May 5-7, 2010

  2. Overview Proposed Approach RFID Localization Analysis Future Directions Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  3. Overview: Application Scenarios RFID Localization Novel Environments Fine-grained Object Lookup Spatio-temporal Inferences Smart Ambience Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  4. Overview: RFID Localization RFID Localization Reader Localization Tag Localization Stationary Reader Localization Stationary Tag Localization Mobile Reader Localization Mobile Tag Localization Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  5. Overview: Contentious Issues RFID Localization Issues Ambient Interference Tag Orientation Tag Sensitivity Tag Spatiality Reader Location Occlusions Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  6. Proposed Approach: Underlying Principles Power Distance Relationship PR D PT Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  7. Proposed Approach: Basic Concept Localization Framework Calibrated Tags Power-Distance Relationship Localization Coarse-grained Location Estimate Tag Placement Schemes Localization Algorithms Error Reduction Heuristics Fine-grained Location Estimate Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  8. Proposed Approach: Algorithm I Algorithm I Start Time Complexity: O(NP) For each Tag T Linear Search for PLO of T PLC > Threshold ? NO YES NO PLO FOUND ? YES Report PLO Stop Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  9. Proposed Approach: Algorithm II Algorithm II Start Time Complexity: O(NlogP) For each Tag T Binary Search for PLO of T PLC > Threshold ? NO YES NO PLO FOUND ? YES Report PLO Stop Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  10. Proposed Approach: Algorithm III Algorithm III Start Time Complexity: O(P) Initialize PL of all tags to MAX_POWER_LEVEL Linearly increment PL for all tags PL = 0 ? NO YES NO PL of tag “fixed” ? YES Tag has OPT PL Stop Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  11. Proposed Approach: Localization Error RFID Reader Source of Localization Error Antenna Reference Tag Target Tag Radio Wave Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  12. Proposed Approach: Heuristics I Heuristics: Absolute Difference Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  13. Proposed Approach: Heuristics II Heuristics: Minimum Power Reader Selection Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  14. Proposed Approach: Heuristics III Heuristics: Root Sum Square Absolute Difference Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  15. Proposed Approach: Meta-Heuristic Heuristics Architecture Heuristics: Absolute Difference Heuristics: Minimum Power Reader Selection Localization Error Meta-Heuristic Heuristics: Root Sum Square Absolute Difference Other Novel Heuristics Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  16. Experimental Setup Data Logging Backend RFID Reader Room Volume: 41 m3 Linear Antenna 1 Q 32 Reference Tags S Region Area: 6 m2 Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  17. Results: Tag Sensitivity I Constant Distance Variable Power Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  18. Results: Tag Sensitivity II Variable Distance Constant Power Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  19. Results: Localization Speed Localization Speed Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  20. Results: Localization Accuracy Localization Accuracy Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  21. Results: Localization Visualization Work Area Accuracy Antenna Control Heuristics Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  22. Comparative Analysis Speed / Accuracy Comparison Avg. Localization Error = 0.15 m Localization Time = 0.43 min. Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  23. Future Directions Open Research Problems Reduce Average Localization Time Improve Localization Accuracy Testing in Different Scenarios Novel Applications Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  24. References • C. Alippi, D. Cogliati, and G. Vanini, “A Statistical Approach to Localize Passive RFIDs”, IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS 2006), Island of Kos, Greece, Sep. 2006, pp. 843-846. • T. F. Bechteler and H. Yenigun, “2-D Localization and Identification Based on SAW ID-Tags at 2.5 GHz”, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Press, Vol. 7, Issue. 2, May 2003, pp. 1584-1590. • A. Bekkali, H. Sanson, and M. Matsumoto, “RFID Indoor Positioning based on Probabilistic RFID Map and Kalman Filtering”, 3rd International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMOB 2007), New York, Oct. 2007, pp. 21-21. • L. Bolotnyy and G. Robins, “The Case for Multi-Tag RFID Systems”, IEEE International Conference on Wireless Algorithms, Systems and Applications (WASA 2007), Chicago, Aug. 2007, pp. 174-186. • L. Bolotnyy and G. Robins, “Multi-tag RFID systems”, Security in RFID and Sensor Networks, Auerbach Publications, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2009, pp. 3-28. • M. Bouet and A. Santos, “RFID Tags–Positioning Principles and Localization Techniques”, IFIP Wireless Days – 2nd International Home Networking Conference (IHN 2008), Dubai, UAE, Nov. 2008. • L. Jing and P. Yang, “A Localization Algorithm for Mobile Robots in RFID system”, IEEE International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WICOM 2007), Shanghai, China, Sep. 2007, pp. 2109-2112. Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  25. References • D. Joho, C. Plagemann, and W. Burgard, “Modeling RFID Signal Strength and Tag Detection for Localization and Mapping”, IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2009), Kobe, Japan, May 2009, pp. 3160-3165. • X. Liu, M. Corner, and P. Shenoy, “Ferret: RFID Localization for Pervasive Multimedia”, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Berlin, Germany, Springer Press, Sep. 2006, Vol. 4206/2006, pp. 422-440. • L. Ni, Y. Liu, Y. Lau, and A. Patil, “LANDMARC: Indoor Location Sensing Using Active RFID”, 1st International Conference on Pervasive Computing (PerCom 2003), Arlington, Texas, Dec. 2003, pp. 407-415. • D. Papadogkonas, G. Roussos, and M. Levene. “Discovery and Ranking of Significant Trails”, 2nd International. Workshop on Exploiting Context History in Smart Environments (ECHISE 2006), Irvine, CA, Sep. 2006. • T. Sanpechuda and L. Kovavisaruch, “A Review of RFID Localization: Applications and Techniques”, 5th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON 2008), Krabi, Thailand, Vol. 2, May 2008, pp. 769-772. • P. J. Sweeney, “RFID for Dummies”, Wiley Publishing, New Jersey, 2005. • T. Wada, N. Uchitomi, Y. Ota, T. Hori, K. Mutsuura, and H. Okada, “A Novel Scheme for Spatial Localization of Passive RFID Tags; Communication Range Recognition (CRR) Scheme”, IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2009), Dresden, Germany, IEEE Press, Jun. 2009, pp. 1-6. Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  26. References • C. Wang, H. Wu, and N. Tzeng, “RFID-Based 3-D Positioning Schemes”, IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM 2007), Alaska, May 2007, pp. 1235-1243. • J. Zhou and J. Shi, “RFID Localization Algorithms and Applications—a Review”, Journal of International Manufacturing, Netherlands, Springer Press, Aug. 2008, pp. 695-707. Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

  27. Questions ? Kirti Chawla, Gabriel Robins, and Liuyi Zhang

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