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Biodiesel From Micro-algae

Biodiesel From Micro-algae. Group Delta Valerie Delligatti Dan Detro Kevin Jackson Joshua Jones Xin Qin. Project Mentor: Jerry Palmer. Current National Fuel Challenges. America has one-third of the world’s automobiles (230 million) and uses twenty-five percent of the world’s oil.

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Biodiesel From Micro-algae

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  1. Biodiesel From Micro-algae Group Delta Valerie Delligatti Dan Detro Kevin Jackson Joshua Jones Xin Qin Project Mentor: Jerry Palmer

  2. Current National Fuel Challenges • America has one-third of the world’s automobiles (230 million) and uses twenty-five percent of the world’s oil. • The Energy Information Administration projects that reliance on foreign producers for oil will increase 30% through 2030. • Our transport sector’s greenhouse gas emissions will grow by nearly 40% through 2030.

  3. Why Micro-algae? One most important benefit of microalgae is its oil yield per land area.

  4. Algae Strain • Chlorella sp. (green algae) • Widely known • Approximate composition • Typically, 28 – 32 percent oil content by weight

  5. Design Basis • 10,000 BPD of gasoline energy equivalency • 10,567 BPD of biodiesel • 10,450 BPD of Triglycerides • 5,904 metric tons of algae/day • Algae assumed to be 28 wt % oil

  6. Design Basis • Increased levels of CO2 in ponds assumed to cause a twelvefold increase in algal concentration. • Product concentration in pond 168 mg algae per liter broth (0.168 wt %). • Bumped up from a reported 14 mg per liter in 1000 m2 ponds 0.30 meters deep

  7. Process Flow Sheet

  8. Flue Gas Desulfurization • Flue gas must be less than 20 ppm SO2 • 76 metric tons of flue gas per minute is required to provide a ~20% excess of algal CO2 requirements. • Flue enters FGD system at 200 ppm SO2 and leaves at ~2 ppm. SO2 removal rate of 0.9 metric tons per hour.

  9. Algae Production

  10. Algae Production

  11. Nutrient Requirement

  12. Extraction Section Algae Output Slurry Input Oil Output Steam Input Condensate Output Extraction • 25.6 % Oil in Algae by weight • 2 % moisture in Algae by weight into Extractor

  13. Extraction

  14. Biodiesel Production • The Axens’ Esterfip-H process has significant advantages over the traditional process: • Higher Yield • High Quality Glycerin • 98% Pure • No soap formation • 100% Biodiesel yield

  15. Biodiesel Production

  16. Biodiesel Production

  17. Cost Analysis

  18. Cost Analysis

  19. Cost Analysis

  20. Cost Analysis (Revenue)

  21. IRR = 15% Cost Analysis (Payback)

  22. Energy Analysis Total energy used per day~20 million megajoules

  23. Energy Analysis • Energy being produced by this process in the form of fuel is ~112 million megajoules per day. • Input to output ratio of ~ 1:5

  24. ASTM biodiesel Standard

  25. Plant Layout

  26. References • Chisti, Yusuf. "Biodiesel from microalgae." Biotechnology Advances 25 (2007): 294-306. • National Biofuel Action Plant. Rep. Oct. 2008. U.S department of Energy. Apr. 2009 <http://www1.eere.energy.gov/biomass/pdfs/nbap.pdf>. • Macleod, Claire S., Adam P. Harvey, Adam F. Lee, and Karen Wilson. "Evaluation of the activity and stability of alkali-doped metal oxide catalysts." Chemical Engineering Journal 135 (2008): 63-70. • Gerpen, J. Van, B. Shanks, R. Pruszko, D. Clements, and G. Knothe. Biodiesel Production Technology. Tech. Golden: NREL, 2004. • Energy content of BioDiesel: http://www.biodiesel.org/pdf_files/fuelfactsheets/BTU_Content_Final_Oct2005.pdf • Molina, E., J. Fernandez, F. G. Acien, and Y. Christi. "Tubular photobioreactor design for algal cultures." Journal of Biotechnology 92 (2001): 113-31. • Aresta, Michele, Angela Dibenedetto, and GraziaBarberio. "Utilization of macro-algae for enhanced CO2 fixation and biofuels production: Development of a computing software for an LCA study." Fuel Processing Technology 86 (2005): 1679-693.

  27. Questions

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