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Understanding Verbs: Types, Principal Parts, and Verb Tenses

Learn about verbs and their different types, principal parts, and verb tenses to improve your writing skills. Explore action verbs, linking verbs, helping verbs, and verb phrases.

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Understanding Verbs: Types, Principal Parts, and Verb Tenses

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  1. Chapter 4 Verbs

  2. What Is a Verb? • Verb: A verb is a word used to express an action, a condition, or a state of being.

  3. What Is a Verb? • Verb Activity

  4. What Is a Verb? • Action Verbs: tells what its subject does. • The action expressed can be either physical or mental. • Examples: • Early humans moved constantly. • They carried their few possessions with them. • These people worried about survival. • They feared large animals.

  5. What Is a Verb? • Linking Verb: Links its subject to a word in the predicate. • The most common linking verbs are forms of the verb be.

  6. What Is a Verb? • Examples: • Early humans were food gatherers. • Some animals appeared friendly.

  7. What Is a Verb? • Helping Verbs: Help main verbs express action or precise shades of meaning. • The combination of one or more helping verbs with a main verb is called a verb phrase.

  8. What Is a Verb?

  9. Principal Parts of Verbs Every verb has four basic forms, called itsprincipal parts: • the present • the present participle • the past • the past participle

  10. Principal Parts of Verbs These principal parts are used to make all of the formsand tenses of the verb.

  11. PRESENT PAST Principal Parts of Verbs The present and past tense are two principal parts of a verb. Stunt people take risks on screen. Polly Berson performed stunts for 27 years.

  12. PRESENT PARTICIPLE PAST PARTICIPLE Principal Parts of Verbs Helping verbs are used with the present and past participles. Stunt people are doing dangerous things all the time. Most stunt people have trained for many years.

  13. Principal Parts of Verbs There are two kinds of verbs: regularand irregular.

  14. Principal Parts of Verbs Regular Verb A regular verb is a verb whose past and past participle are formed by adding -ed or -d to the present.

  15. Principal Parts of Verbs The present participle of a regular verb is formed by adding -ing to the present. I am looking for a job as a stunt person.

  16. Principal Parts of Verbs The principal parts of verbs let you express changes in timein your writing.

  17. 1. Walking is the most healthful form of transportation. Practice and Apply Is the underlined verb the present, the present participle, the past, or the past participle?

  18. 2. A person who is running every day is probably also healthy. Practice and Apply Is the underlined verb the present, the present participle, the past, or the past participle?

  19. 3. Many people have discovered that walking is fun. Practice and Apply Is the underlined verb the present, the present participle, the past, or the past participle?

  20. Verb Tenses A good writer uses different verbtenses to indicate that events occur at different times. If you do not need to indicate a change of time, do not switch from one tense to another.

  21. Verb Tenses You can write about the present using the present tense, the present perfect tense, and the present progressive form.

  22. PRESENT TENSE Verb Tenses The present tense places the actions in the present. Motion pictures work because of our vision. The brain sees a series of still pictures as moving.

  23. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Verb Tenses The present perfect tense places the actions in the period of time leading up to the present. Filmmakers have createdfantastic special effects. They have broughtdinosaurs and alien beings to life.

  24. PRESENT PROGRESSIVE FORMS Verb Tenses The present progressive forms show the actions are in progress now. Directors are learningthe use of computer effects.

  25. Verb Tenses The past tense conveys actions and conditions that came to an end in the past. When you write about the past, you can use past verb forms to indicate the order in which events occurred.

  26. PAST TENSE Verb Tenses The past tense shows an action that began and was completed in the past. Thomas Edison’s company launchedthe motion-picture industry. His employee William Dickson deviseda way of moving film through a camera.

  27. PAST PERFECT TENSE FIRST PAST ACTION SECOND PAST ACTION Verb Tenses The past perfect tense places the actions before other past actions. Other inventors had putsound with pictures before Edison did. After the Lumière brothers had developeda projector, Edison began projecting his films.

  28. PAST PROGRESSIVE FORM Verb Tenses The past progressive forms show that the actions in the past were in progress. More than 30 years ago, filmmakers were creatingrealistic space scenes.

  29. Verb Tenses The future tenses convey actions and conditions that are yet to come. By using the different future verb forms, you can show how future events are related in time.

  30. FUTURE TENSE FUTURE TENSE Verb Tenses The future tense shows that the actions have not yet occurred. Maybe everyone will makemovies someday. The line between home movies and professional ones will blur.

  31. SECOND ACTION FIRST ACTION Verb Tenses The future perfect tense places the actions before other future actions. Before they can read, children already will have learnedto use a camera.

  32. FUTURE PROGRESSIVE FORM Verb Tenses The future progressive forms show that the actions in the future will be continuing. Everyone will be watchingeveryone else’s movies.

  33. When you use the right tense, you help your readers keep sequences of events straight.

  34. Past Tense • Perfect (action that started and finished in the past) - I had talked. • Progressive (ongoing action that happened sometime in the past) - I was talking. • Perfect Progressive (ongoing action that started, continued, and finally stopped in the past) - I had been talking. • Present Tense • Perfect (a finished action, viewed from right now) - I have talked. • Progressive (action continuing at this moment, or which starts and goes on for a while, on a regular basis) - I am talking. • Perfect Progressive (ongoing action that has recently finished) - I have been talking. • Future Tense • Perfect (will start and finish in the future, before a second action takes place) - I will have talked. • Progressive (will start and continue in the future) - I will be talking. • Perfect Progressive (will start and continue in the future, before a specific time) - I will have been talking.

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