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Introducing World War II. How do societies react to adversity?. The War in the United States. The Road to War. The Great Depression upset the world. Most of the countries of the world were effected. Industrial countries, like Germany, Italy, and Japan were especially hurt.
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IntroducingWorld War II How do societies react to adversity? The War in the United States
The Road to War The Great Depression upset the world. • Most of the countries of the world were effected. • Industrial countries, like Germany, Italy, and Japan were especially hurt. • People were desperate.
The Road to War People were looking for leaders to help them recover • Franklin Roosevelt was elected to a third term to continue as president of the United States. • Dictators came to power in other countries. • Hitler came to power in Germany. • Mussolini came to power in Italy. • The military seized power in Japan and set up a military dictatorship.
The Road to War • Germany and Italy became allies-Axis Powers. • Germany signed treaty with the Soviet Union. • Japan tried to revive their country by attacking their neighbors. • Other countries in Europe were against Japan’s expansion.
War Begins in Europe • Italy and Germany attacked and conquered their neighbors.
Great Britain Fights • Great Britain was attacked once most of Europe had fallen. • This period of the war was known as the “Battle of Britain.”
Trouble Brews in the Pacific • Japan attacks its neighbors. • Invades French Indo-China.
America’s Position • America followed a policy of isolationism or neutrality. • Most people felt that the U.S. should not get involved. • Laws were passed to help friendly nations by providing military aid to the Allied Powers.
War Becomes Inevitable • German submarines sink American military ships. • Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.
War is Declared! • America declared war on Japan. • Germany and Italy declared war on the United States.
Americans Face the Adversity of War. Standing in line for sugar
War on the Home Front The challenges facing our nation included… • recruiting an Army. • producing the items of war. • finding people to work as the men left for war. • paying for the war effort. • living with the effects of the war at home.
War on the Home Front: Recruiting an Army • Volunteers • The draft • Non-combat volunteers • Conscientious objectors • Objected to fighting • Found other non-combat jobs
War on the Home Front Increasing Production Meant… • a complete change in production. • that factories produced war items instead of consumer items. • that production increased beyond anything in the past.
War on the Home Front Sacrifice • Scarcity caused shortages. • Rationing was the result of the shortages. • Methods were used to supplement shortages.
War on the Home Front War Jobs • As the men went to war, male dominated jobs became vacant. • Women stepped in to fill these traditionally male jobs.
War on the Home Front Financing the War • The government spent more than it received in taxes. • The government sold war bonds to raise money. • People bought bonds as an investment.
War on the Home Front Censorship… • rose out of a need to restrict information to the enemy. • focused on news media. • was a voluntary restriction on freedom of speech.
The Beginning of the End • Invasion of Italy • D-day
Victory in Europe • Important battles weaken Germany. • President Roosevelt dies in office. • Germany surrenders. • V-E day was the end of the war in Europe.
Atomic Bomb Hastens the End in Japan • The hydrogen bomb was developed during the war. • It was first dropped on Hiroshima, Japan. • It was next dropped on Nagasaki, Japan. • Unprecedented destruction brought surrender.
Victory in Japan • V-J day was the end of the war in the Pacific. • Japanese signed a formal surrender.
Americans Come Home • Great losses • U. S. fared better than most countries • Pulled out of depression by military spending • Changed greatly • Poised for prosperity
