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Most Common Causative Agents of Respiratory Disease

Most Common Causative Agents of Respiratory Disease URI Parainfluenza, adenovirus, influenza, rhinovirus Pharyngitis Adenovirus, parainfluenza, coxsackie Croup Parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial Bronchitis Parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial

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Most Common Causative Agents of Respiratory Disease

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  1. Most Common Causative Agents of Respiratory Disease URI Parainfluenza, adenovirus, influenza, rhinovirus Pharyngitis Adenovirus, parainfluenza, coxsackie Croup Parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial Bronchitis Parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial Bronchiolitis Respiratory syncytial, parainfluenza Pneumonia Respiratory syncytial, parainfluenza, adenovirus, influenza

  2. Fry et al, CID 2006

  3. The latest graph of virus activity in the Bay Area, as of November 19, as measured by identifications in the UCSF Clinical Virology Laboratory, is attached; it can also be found at the following website: http://labmed.ucsf.edu/images/graphs/viruses.gif

  4. Influenza A Virus Structure 6

  5. Natural History of Influenza Viruses Serum antibody prevalence Virus isolation B H3N8 H3N2 H2N? H2N2 H1N1 H1N1 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Topley and Wilson’s Microbiology and Microbial Infections. 9th ed, Vol 1, Virology. Mahy and Collier, eds, 1998, Arnold, page 387, with permission.

  6. Diagnostic Approaches for Influenza 8

  7. Ison, et al. Antiviral Res. 2002(55):227-278.

  8. Positive Direct Fluorescent Antibody Test

  9. Direct FA for Respiratory Viruses Virus # Sens %Spec %PPV NPV RSV 86 97 94 93 Flu A 86 99 97 99 Flu B 65 98 90 89 Para 1 52 100 100 99 Para 3 85 99 79 99

  10. Respiratory PCR Panel Influenza A - H3 N2 H1 N1 B RSV A B Para 1-4 Adeno Metapneumo Rhino Entero Corona Sars

  11. Covalciuc, et al.; J. Clin Micro 1999.

  12. Weinstock and Zucotti JAMA, 2009

  13. Antiviral Resistance in “Swine” Influenza H1N1 Adamantanes - Resistant Oseltamivir - Susceptible (202/202, US, 3 resistant isolates outside US) Zanamivir - Susceptible (including 3 oseltamivir resistant) Recommended Rx - oseltamivir or zanamivir

  14. Isolates tested (n) Resistant Viruses,Number (%) Isolates tested (n) Resistant Viruses, Number (%) Oseltamivir Zanamivir Adamantanes Influenza A (H1N1) 88 86 (98%) 0 (0) 88 0 (0%) Influenza A (H3N2) 14 0 (0) 0 (0) 14 14 (100%) Influenza B 40 0 (0) 0 (0) N/A* N/A* *Data from CDC, last updated 1/3/09

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