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Hindu Samrajya Din

Hindu Samrajya Din. A Story of Raja Shivaji. Who is Shivaji?. Today is Jyestha Shukla 13 (June 16 th ). Shivaji Maharaj was coronated as a “Chatrapati”

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Hindu Samrajya Din

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  1. Hindu Samrajya Din A Story of Raja Shivaji

  2. Who is Shivaji? • Today is Jyestha Shukla 13 (June 16th). • Shivaji Maharaj was coronated as a “Chatrapati” • Shivaji Bhosle was born in 1627 (Died: 1680) was the founder of Maratha empire in western India in 1674.He is considered a great hero in India, especially in the present-day state of Maharashtra. Using guerrilla tactics well-suited to the rugged mountains and valleys of the region, he annexed a portion of the then dominant Mughal empire and the Sultanate of Bijapur.                            <>

  3. Why Celebrate? • Hindu society's long and painful experience of Islamic invasions • An independent Hindu empire was established • Solid pluralistic society with equal respect for all jatis and varnas with an overwhelming Hindu identity • Terrorism was crushed • Reconversion : a State policy • Economic and Cultural Resurrection

  4. Childhood • Training from Mother Jijabai, Dadoji Kondeo • When still in his teens in 1645 CE, Shivaji began administering his father's estate under a personalized seal of authority in Sanskrit, an indication that he envisaged independence and respected the Hindu tradition. • Age 16, oath to make the land free at the fort Torna at Raireshwar Temple • With a bunch of friends (Mawla) • By 1647, Shivaji had captured two forts and had the complete charge of Pune. • Captured other forts held by Adilshahi (Purandar, Rajgad)

  5. Defeat of Afzal Khan • Disturbed by his continuing success, Adilshahi sent a famous Sardar, 'Afzalkhan' to capture Shivaji – dead or alive • Huge army – destruction of temples • Shivaji’s meeting at Pratapgad • Prays to Bhavani Mata • Afzal killed using “Bichwa” (Tiger claws)

  6. General Shaista Khan • Delhi sent Shaista Khan to punish Shivaji • Destruction of property • Shivaji along with a few people created chaos in his living quarters • Cut his fingers • Due to this humliation, recalled to Delhi

  7. Momentum • Regained territory • Administrative setup • Army, navy • Guru Samrtha Ramdas Fort Sindhudurg Samartha Ramdas

  8. Escape from Agra • Aurangzeb worries about Shivaji’s power • Send Mirza Raje Jaisingh to defeat Shivaji(1666) • Too powerful, agrees to serve “Delhi” with son Sambhaji • Humiliation at Delhi, imprisoned in Agra • Spectacular escape

  9. Hindavi Swaraj • Enthroned as a sovereign king in 1673. • By 1680, the year of Shivaji's death, nearly whole of the Deccan belonged to his kingdom. • Shivaji strove consciously for political power as an instrument for the resurrection of dharma (righteousness), a quest he termed as "Hindavi Swarajya," a word having both geographical and spiritual-cultural connotations. • Fort Raigad was to become the centre of power and prowess. During the coronation ceremony he gave magnificent gifts to holy men and the poor. He died after three years. His son could not amass sufficient strength to finish the work of liberation throughout Bharat. Nevertheless, Shivaji had laid the foundation of a great Hindu empire which lasted for two centuries.

  10. Important Events • 1627 - Shivaji born in the hill fort of Shivner. •  1643-47 - Shivaji overran the hill forts of Kondana, Torna and Raigad. •  1647 - Shivaji's Guardian Dadaji Khondev died. •  1656 - Shivaji conquered Javli from Chandra Rao More. •  1657 - Shivaji came into conflict with the Moghuls; raids into Ahmednagar. •  1659 - Afzal Khan of Bijapur was killed by Shivaji. •  1660 - Moghul Governor Shaista Khan occupied Pune •  1663 - Shivaji made an attack on Shaistakhan's harem and wounded him. •  1664 - Shivaji raided and looted Surat. •  1665 - Jai Singh besieged the fort of Purandar; forced to sign a treaty •  1666 - Shivaji escaped from Agra. •  1670 - Shivaji attacked Surat for the second time. •  1674 - Shivaji crowned “Chhatrapati”. •  1676 - Shivaji's last campaign against Jijapuri Karnataka. •  1680 - Shivaji died.

  11. Our Strength • Shivaji proved, by his example, that the Hindus could build a nation, found a State, defeat its enemies; they could conduct their own defence; they could protect and promote literature and art, commerce and industry; they could maintain navies and ocean going fleets of their own, and conduct naval battles on equal terms with foreigners. • He taught the modern Hindus to rise to the full stature of their growth. He demonstrated that the tree of Hinduism was not dead, and that it could put forth new leaves and branches and once again rise up its head to the skies."

  12. Shivaji’s Sentiments • A court historian sums up Shivaji's sentiments (Shivaji was not literate according to J.N Sarkar):"Why should we remain content with what the Muslim rulers choose to give us? We are Hindus. The whole country is ours by right, and is yet occupied and held by foreigners. They desecrate our temples, break holy idols, plunder our wealth, convert us forcibly to their religion, carry away our women folk and children, slay the cows and inflict a thousand wrongs upon us. We will suffer this treatment no more. • We possess strength in our arms. Let us draw the sword in defense of our sacred religion, liberate our country and acquire new lands and wealth by our own effort. Are we not as brave and capable as our ancestors of yore? Let us undertake this holy mission and God will surely help us. All human efforts are so helped. There is no such thing as good luck and ill luck. We are the captains of our fortunes and the makers of our freedom." • (Pg 251 and 252 - The Moghul Empire edited by R.C Majumdar and J.C Chaudhuri. The citation give in this book for this quote is G.S Sardesai's "New history of the Marathas, 1957, Vol I, Pg 97, 1st edition).

  13. Appendix I • Bhushan's verse has immense historical value because the Kashi Vishwanath temple was razed in 1669 and thus lost its splendour, and the Krishna Janmabhoomi temple was destroyed and converted into a mosque in 1670. Bhushan came to Shivaji's kingdom from the Mughal capital in 1671, and within two years composed Shiv Bhooshan, a biography of Shivaji. It clearly states that Shivaji wanted to set up a Hindu Pad Padshahi. • Noor Khan Baig: Chief of bodyguardsSiddhi Hillal: head of cavalryMadari Mhetar: first sarnobatKazi Haidar: lawyer and secretaryRustum-e-Jaman: dear friendDarya Sarang: first subedar in Shivaji's navyDaulat Khan: Chief of navyMeer Mohammad: painted first portrait of ShivajiSant Baba Yakut of Kelshi: Muslim peer held in high regard by Shivaji

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