Chapter 17 Test review

1. Chapter 17 Test review

2. Explain how measuring the time and distance it takes for a marble to drop through a graduated cylinder tells you about the liquid’s viscosity. • The slower the velocity, the more viscous the liquid. The faster the velocity, the less viscous.

3. Any matter that is able to flow. • Fluid

4. A measure of the upward force a fluid exerts on an object. • Buoyancy

5. A solid’s ability to be pounded into thin sheets. • Malleability

6. A measure of a solid’s resistance to scratching. • Hardness

7. A measure of a material’s tendency to shatter upon impact. • Brittleness

8. As the volume of a gas decreases, the pressure of the gas will ________ if the temperature remains the same. • increase

9. As the temperature of a gas increases, the volume will ___________ if the pressure remains the same. • increase

10. According to ___________, the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. • Archimedes’ Principle • Boyle’s Law • Bernoulli’s principle • Charles’ Law • A

11. Compared to most substances, water is unusual because it __________ when it goes from the liquid to solid state. • Expands

12. According to __________, the volume of a gas increases with increasing temperature. • Archimedes’ Principle • Boyle’s Law • Bernoulli’s principle • Charles’ Law • D

13. When comparing the densities of most materials that exist as both a solid and liquid, which state is more dense? • The solid form

14. According to ________, if you decrease the volume of a container of gas and hold the temperature constant, the pressure will increase. • Archimedes’ Principle • Bernoulli’s principle • Boyle’s Law • Charles’ Law • C

15. Viscosity is a measure of a material’s __________? • Resistance to flow

16. To halt its descent, a diving submarine might: • Increase its velocity • Expel water on board and replace it with air • Allow water to flood into air filled tubes • None of the above • B

17. The same amount of air is pumped into 2 containers. Container A has a volume of 10L. Container B has a volume of 5L. Both containers are held at the same temperature. Which statement is true? • The pressure in both the containers is the same. • The pressure in A is equal to half the pressure in B. • The pressure in A is equal to twice the pressure in B. • The pressure in B is equal to half of the pressure in A. • B

18. Rubber is unusual in that it contracts (shrinks) when heated. What would warming a rubber ball do it its volume? • Decrease

19. An engineer searching for a material to develop a new kind of “indestructible” eyeglass frame would desire which characteristics? • Low hardness, low elasticity, high brittleness • High hardness, high elasticity, high brittleness • Low elasticity, high brittleness, • Low brittleness, high hardness, high elasticity. • D

20. A measure of how much pulling, or tension, a material can withstand before breaking. • Tensile strength

21. Which is true of a kilogram of feathers and a kilogram of bricks? • They have the same mass

22. An object with a mass of 12 grams occupies 4.0 cm3. What is the density? • D=M / V • D= 12g / 4.0 cm3 • 3 g/cm3

23. Ice has a density of .92 g/cm3. What is the volume of 2.8 kilograms of ice? • CONVERT: • 2.8kg = 2800g • V= M / D • V= 2800g / .92 g/cm3 • 3,043.48 cm3

24. The density of pure silver in the solid form is 10.5 g/cm3. Calculate the mass of a candlestick if it displaces 200mL of water. • M= D x V • M= 10.5 g/mL x 200mL • 2100 g