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Kingdoms and Domains

Kingdoms and Domains. The three-domain system. Bacteria. Archaea. Eukarya. The six-kingdom system. Bacteria. Archaea. Protista. Plantae. Fungi. Animalia. The traditional five-kingdom system. Monera. Protista. Plantae. Fungi. Animalia. Based on type of coelom.

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Kingdoms and Domains

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  1. Kingdoms and Domains The three-domain system Bacteria Archaea Eukarya The six-kingdom system Bacteria Archaea Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia The traditional five-kingdom system Monera Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia

  2. Based on type of coelom

  3. (Evolutionary Systematics)

  4. (Phylogenetic Systematics [cladistics])

  5. Grouping into sister groups - “nested”

  6. Evolutionary Systematics Phylogenetic Systematics(cladistics) -Homologous vs analogous structures -Homologous vs analogous structures -Ancestral vs derived structures -Ancestral vs derived structures (symplesiomorphies vs synaptomorphies in outgroups) • Weight character sets differently, idea • of varying evolutionary significance -Weight character sets equally, focus on number of synaptomorphies -Grouping based on evolutionary origin and “adaptive zone” concept allows for paraphyletic grouping -Grouping based on common descent only allows for monophyletic grouping -Use 7 basic taxa, expanded with prefixes -Only valid taxon is a clade, and grouping is in sister groups -Displayed as dendrogram/phylogenetic tree -Displayed as a cladogram

  7. PS Hominidae ES

  8. SPECIES CONCEPTS BIOLOGICAL SPECIES - a species is a reproductive community of populations (reproductively isolated from others) that occupies a specific niche in nature. EVOLUTIONARY SPECIES - a single lineage of ancestor-descendent populations that maintains its identity from other such lineages and that has its own evolutionary tendencies and historical fate. PHYLOGENETIC SPECIES - an irreducible (basal) grouping of organisms diagnosably distinct from other such groupings and within which there is a parental pattern of ancestry and descent.

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