What are the Five Components of Computer System

1. What are the Five Components of Computer System? A Modern Computer is an electronic device or machine which is capable of performing arithmetic and logical operations with amazing speed and unbelievable accuracy. The modern personal computer has a huge storage capacity where a large amount of data can be stored almost permanently. A computer has a huge storage medium where users can store data and retrieve whenever demands. A normal computer consists of five basic components of computer system which is described below. The look of a computer can be different from one another but the basic architecture of computer always remains the same and it is called as core architect also the functions of the computer remains the same overall. Due to the efficiency of computer and low cost with their uses they have been very popular among the world they are used in educational institutions, small and large organizations, personal computer for home users, computer are everywhere as they are just like a family member who’s absence hurt us badly. The modern computer is one of the greatest inventions by mankind. Charles Benjamin Babbage is considered to be the father of computer who is known for his genius and was a great philosopher,

2. economist, mathematician, and a computer scientist. Basic components of computer system are as follows. Input Devices Output Devices Central Processing Unit ALU [Arithmetic Logic Unit] CU [Control Unit] Storage Unit Computer Hardware and Software       

3. Input Devices of Computer System The Computer system consists of input devices which help the user to enter raw data to the system which later processes in a human-readable form. The input devices are nothing but small electronic devices which convert the digital signal or logical signals into binary form which are easy for humans to read. These input devices are computer hardware which interacts with humans or users and computer. Input devices are also responsible for interaction between the outside world and computer system. Input devices send data to computer system through which they communicate with each other. Input devices send data from outside the world to computer. It also converts data, instructions, or information’s into human-readable form. They are also a link between the outside world and computer. Examples of input devices are keyboard, mouse, scanner, pointer devices, etc.        When the input devices complete it works we get the desired output on various output devices such as VDU (Visual Display Unit), printer. These input devices present the raw data to other sections of computer system for further processing and handling. Below here we are going to discuss some of the input devices and computer component in brief 1. Keyboard 2. Mouse 3. Scanner 4. Trackball 5. Joystick 6. Touch Screens 7. Optical Bar Code Reader Keyboard:: The computer keyboard is a prime example of the input device of computer system which is used to enter data from outside the world to the system and later this data, instructions, is supplied to another form of computer to obtain a final output which is in human-readable form.

4. The modern keyboards contain 105 to 125 keys which can be pressed to enter something to the system. In keyboards there are numeric keys, alphabetic keys, media keys, functions keys and special keys which are used to enter special characters such as @,#,$,%, etc. The Keyboards come in almost every language and if a precise language keyboard is not available you can purchase stickers of a particular language which are used to stick on computer and use as an alternative. Alphanumeric Keys: These are the keys which contain both alphabets and numbers. Example a to z and 0 to 9 Functions Keys: These keys contain F1 to F12. Media Keys:: Media keys contain play, previous, next, stop keys, etc Special Keys: These keys are also called combination keys and are used with combinations like shift, control, alt, etc. There are basically three types of computer keyboards they are as follows. PS/2 Keyboard. USB Keyboard. Wireless Keyboard.    Mouse:: The mouse is a pointing device that is one of the famous input devices of computer system. The mouse is used to point on a certain position on the screen. The mouse is also used in drag and drop of files and folders. Common mouse had two buttons one on the left side and another on the right side and a scroll on the middle of the mouse. There are three types of mouse. PS/2 mouse. USB mouse. Wireless mouse.    Output Devices of Computer System The output devices are electronic devices or gadgets that accept data, instructions and information’s from outside world and translates these data in such a form which can be easily read. The output which is obtained by output devices are always in two forms.

5. Softcopy Hardcopy   Softcopy:: These outputs are always on computer screen where you can not touch it or feel it. Hardcopy:: These outputs are on paper, cloths, etc. The output devices of computer system generate output in the form of text, images and graphics when the data from input devices is presented in binary form and output devices convert it into human-readable form. The output devices act as an intermediate between the outside world and computer system. Printer and monitor are the best examples of output devices. Examples of output devices of computer systems are printers, monitors, speakers, plotters, projectors, etc. The output devices act as an intermediate between computer and the outside world. The input devices transfer data to the system and after processing the data is presented to output devices that convert data into readable form. The output devices convert binary codes into readable form.       Below we are going to share some output devices of computer system with their uses and small descriptions. Monitor Printers Projectors Speakers Headphone Soundcard Touch screen        Monitor :: Computer monitors are one of the most important output devices of computer system. Where output can be viewed in the form of text, images, and graphics. The monitors in other terms can be called VDU which stands for Visual Display Unit. Images, pictures or text are viewed in the form of pixels where more pixels in can result in more clarity of the display. Pixels are nothing but a series of dots combine or arrange in the form horizontally and diagonally for better resolutions on the screen. Printers:

6. Printers are nothing but electronic devices that are used for output. Printers are considered to be one of the most important output devices of computer system. Where the output can be printed on paper, mug, and clothes these types of output are called as a hardcopy. Different printers are used for a specific task for example to print a huge amount of bills dot matrix printers are used to print text laser printers are used for better performance and bulk printing. The printers are attached to a computer with the use of LPT [Line Printer], COMM Port, Wireless. The Speed of printer is measured in CPS [Character Per Second], LPS [Line Per Second], PPS [Pages Every Second] There are mainly two types of printers Impact Printers Non-Impact Printers   Central Processing Unit of Computer System CPU stands for central processing unit. In other words, CPU is also called as processor which is known as “Heart of Computer” or “Brain of computer” The CPU is nothing but a piece of electronic device or hardware which carries out all arithmetic and logical operations with high speed and unbelievable accuracy. The CPU is the most important part of the computer system without it we cannot imagine the computer to even start. The raw data is provided to CPU from input devices of computer system .Input devices of computer provide CPU with raw data and later this CPU process and convert this data into machine-readable form and pass data, information, and instructions to output devices of computer for printout. Examples of output devices are printers, monitors, plotters, speakers, soundcard, headphones, etc. As we have discussed CPU is an essential part of the computer system and has the potential and capabilities of performing all the operations and instructions given to them with high speed and bears all the responsibilities. The CPU is further divided into Arithmetic Logic Unit, Control Unit and Memory or Storage Unit. The CPU co-ordinates with input and output devices for better functionality. The famous manufacturer of Processors (CPU) are Intel, AMD, Cyrus, IBM, etc. In the IT [Information Technology] industry Intel is a big player and shares the maximum revenue. There are many types of processors like Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Dual, Single Core, i3 , i5, i7 and i9 etc . The Speed of computers mainly depends on the PROCESSOR and RAM. ALU [Arithmetic Logic Unit] and Logic Unit of Computer System

7. ALU stands for Arithmetic Logic Unit .ALU performs both arithmetic and logic operations with high speed and with 100% accuracy. Now control units send data, instructions or information to ALU to perform operations. Arithmetic Logic Unit decides which type of operation is to be performed and later execute after deciding. Arithmetic Operations performs (Additions, Subtraction, Division, Multiplication) and Logical Operations executes operations like (And, OR , = , Comparison, Less, Than , Greater than). Control Unit of Computer System The CU stands for Control Unit. The Control Unit controls all the operations and tasks performed in the computer system. The control unit is responsible to execute all operations in particular and sequential order. The CU determines which operation is to be performing before another task or operation. The Control Unit receives instructions from the memory and it converts them into control signals later These signals are transferred to the CPU for further processing. The Control Unit is responsible for handling input and output devices of computer system. Storage Unit or Memory of Computer System Computer Memory stores or handles data when supplied to them. They start performing when data is presented to them with the help of input devices like mouse or keyboard. The computer is an important and integral part of the CPU (Central Processing Unit) . Storage or computer memory is the essential component of system where data, information’s and instructions are stored temporarily or permanently. The Computer memory stores data in binary form that is 0s and 1s .Computer memory is the system in computer which can be retrieved after processing the data or instructions. The Storage devices of computer system can be defined as the components which are capable of storing or holding data or instructions presented by input devices of computer. There are two types of storage or memory unit in computer Primary Storage Secondary Storage  

8. Primary Storage:: Ram (Random Access Memory) and Cache Memory of computer falls in the category of Primary storage devices. They are also called as Main Memory. When data or instruction are supplied from input devices the data is stored in the memory and later transferred to ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) for further processing after the data is processed it is then forwarded to output devices for outputting the data or set of instructions. This Memory is very expensive. They cannot store or save a huge amount of data. They cannot store data permanently.    They can hold data until and unless power is on as soon as they lose power the data is lost hence called as volatile memory. Secondary Storage: They are called as Permanent Storage Devices just because they can store or hold data almost permanently. Data store in these devices can be stored almost permanently until and unless somebody destroys the data intentionally. The data when stored in these devices can be recalled when the user demands. They are non-volatile in nature that means the data is not lost when there is a power failure. 1. This Memory is very expensive. 2. They can save huge amounts of data. 3. They can store data permanently. Computer Software and Hardware Computer hardware is the part of the computer system which is a physical part and can be felt there are the vital components of the computer. The monitor is considered to be computer hardware device which is used to view text, graphics, and animations, the printer is also one of the computer hardware devices which is used to print out text and images on large quantity. There are several examples of computer hardware. The term computer hardware can be simply defined as the physical components of computer which can be touched. Computer Software:: Computer Software is the set of instructions written by the software developer or software engineer to perform a certain task to obtained specific results.

9. To develop computer software you need to learn some programming languages like PHP, MYSQl, C#, etc. There are two types of software Application software System Software   References :: 1. https://www.chtips.com/computer-fundamentals/uses-of-computer-in-different-fields 2. https://www.chtips.com/computer-fundamentals/what-is-supercomputer-and-its-uses 3. https://www.chtips.com/computer-fundamentals/five-basic-components-of-computer