Companies performing radioactivity level testing of these materials, are responsible for:

1. Monitoring of radioactively contaminated scrap metal in Latvia A.Dreimanis (Radiation Safety Centre, Latvia)

2. Procedure on bulk purchase & realization of ferrous and non-ferrous metal cuttings and scrap (Cabinet Regulation No.757) • Article 32: The company engaged in a bulk purchase of ferrous and non-ferrous cuttings and scrap, ensures tests of radioactivity of these materialsusing: • - fixed contamination meters if the annual total purchase amount > 100 000 t, • - portable contamination meters for each load of such materials being delivered for further realization, if the annual total purchase amount < 100 000 t. Geneva, Switzerland

3. Procedure on bulk purchase & realization of ferrous and non-ferrous metal cuttings and scrap (Cabinet Regulation No.757) • - the companiesengaged in bulk purchase of such items, tests them in order to prevent import in Latvia of radioactively contaminated scrap metal and radioactive waste (RW), • when exporting scrap metal, the company joins to the attendant documentation a statement testifying the load to be exported is not contaminated in a level leading to overflow of dose limits and doesn’t contain RW, Geneva, Switzerland

4. Procedure on bulk purchase & realization of ferrous and non-ferrous metal cuttings and scrap (Cabinet Regulations, No.757) • Companies performing radioactivity level testing of these materials, are responsible for: • Observance of Regulations of running and maintenance of contamination meters, • The quality and precision of performed contamination measurements The personnelengaged in radiological measurements shall be trained and to be able (i) to prepare detectors for measurements (ii) to test radioactivity level of the load, to process the results and draw up a deed. Ascrap company may sign a contract with a licensed company for monitoring services Geneva, Switzerland

5. Cab.Regulation N 129 onRequirements for Operations with RW and Related Materials Geneva, Switzerland

6. Supervision of scrap monitoring • Supervision control on practical implementation Regulations - by Radiation Safety Centre (RDC) • annually checks the list of companies having valid licensesforbulk purchase & realization of scrapmet. • has organized at university a special training course • performs regular on-site inspections, uses mobile gamma survey laboratory • gives methodological assistance+practical instructions • the RDC Early Warning Sector – the National Early warning contact point - provides the 24-hour duty and response in case of incident Geneva, Switzerland

7. Actions in case of alarms Distinguish between nuisance and real alarms – each alarm is investigated by the use of portable monitors: • if the measured value with stationary device >30% of the background, the load is tested with portable unit, • if the portable device shows 50% above the background, a detailed inspection is accomplished, • repeated exceed by > 50% means radioactive contamination of scrap, • such case is reported to RDC Early warning sector Geneva, Switzerland

8. Actions in case of found sealed source • Detected sources are disposed by the Emergency response team by the RadWaste Management Agency (RAPA) based on request from the owner, all owners are informed on the reporting procedures to RDC and/or RAPA • Cases with sealed sources are reported to IAEA, as well as registered in RAPA data base for RW disposal if the load was not sent back to the state of origin, • The State is financing the expenses of transport of detected source/radioactive waste, other expenses are covered by the owner. Geneva, Switzerland

9. Location and sensitivity of scrap monitors • Stationary monitors are located at the entrance/exit of the scrap yard, portable – for screening and investigation, • Melting facilities routinely monitor scrap before melting and, occasionally, afterwards Energy range of detectors – between60 keV – 1,5 MeV Minimal gamma-sensitivity: Stationary device – 0,1 mkSv/h, for Portable device – 0,05 mkSv/h Geneva, Switzerland

10. Service and testing of monitors • Monitors are annually calibrated by National Secondary standard dosimetry laboratory – the Radiation Metrology and Testing Centre • Functionality checks are accomplished according to instructions of monitor suppliers, sensitivity of portable monitors shall be verified daily • There are two special companies for monitor supply and service Geneva, Switzerland

11. Lessons and events • Visual inspection practices: In 2001, in a scrap yard an empty source was found; was a full incident, Response: – report to the Regulatory Body, preliminary test by radiation safety inspectors, isolation of container, delivery to RAPA disposal site. • In 2001, at Liepaja harbour in a scrap yard a neutron source IBN-6 (12.5 GBq), Ra-226 and Sr-90 sources (total - 2 MBq) were found • Response: - the case was managed by involving a contracted service company, the sources were disposed at the RAPA disposal site. • Since then no more radioactive sources have been detected in scrap metal in Latvia. Geneva, Switzerland