Shop Safety

1. General Shop Safety Mr. Nelson Locust Fork High School Ag

2. Competencies • Given the instruction in this unit each student will be able to pass a written test on general shop safety with a minimum of 100 percent accuracy.

3. Common Causes of Accidents • Falling • Inhaling poisonous fumes • Electrical Contact with exposed wires • Getting in a hurry • Not observing safety rules • Horseplay • Exposure to Fire

4. Safe Work Environments • Clean work area • Tools would be clean • Color coded safety zones • All equipment safety guards installed • Equipment and power tools properly grounded • Equipment regularly serviced • Organized • Safety conscious workers

5. Instruction Material and Procedures • 1. Wear clothing which is conducive to work in the mechanics laboratory, i.e., coveralls, shop coats, etc. Shop clothing should not be loose, baggy or highly flammable.

6. 2. Approved safety glasses must be worn at all times in the mechanics laboratory unless special eye or face protection is required. Approved safety glasses should be industrial quality. The Z 87.1 logo and the manufacturers emblem must be on the safety glasses for them to be industrial quality.

7. 3. Wear hearing protection devices when using or when others are using loud equipment in the mechanics laboratory. • 4. Wear other personal protective equipment as needed by specific shop jobs, i.e., respirator for painting, etc.

8. 5. Do not visit and disturb others during the laboratory period. Stay busy on your assigned work; if completed check with the instructor for further directions. • 6. Do not hurry or rush, avoid cutting corners and unsafe work practices. Do not allow yourself to get caught up in rush situations.

9. 7. When working in the mechanic’s laboratory talk in a low tone of voice. Loud boisterous talk and noise makes others jittery and uncomfortable, which may lead to accidents. • 8. Notify the instructor immediately in case of injury, accident or fire.

10. 9. Notify the instructor in case defective tools and equipment. Out of order signs should be placed on the tools and equipment until the necessary repairs are made. • 10. Avoid horseplay or other hazardous scuffling and pushing while working in the mechanics laboratory.

11. 11. Clean your work station and return all tools to their proper storage before leaving the mechanics laboratory. • 12. Never leave the laboratory without the instructor’s knowledge and permission.

12. 13. Be alert and think each action through before it is performed. If in doubt about how to perform a procedure, check with the instructor before proceeding. • 14. Never use power equipment or tools which have not been demonstrated to you. Before using any piece of power equipment you should pass the written test on safety and operation of the equipment item, as well as, a hands-on performance test.

13. 15. Become familiar with the laboratory color coding system and observe the warnings issued by each color while working in the mechanics laboratory. • Ex: Red = Danger • yellow = Caution • orange = Warning • 16. Remove loose jewelry and secure long hair while working in the mechanics laboratory.

14. 17. Remind visitors to wear safety glasses while visiting in your Shop/ laboratory. • 18. Never attempt to work with tools or equipment in the mechanics laboratory if under the influence of drugs or alcohol.

15. Power Tool Safety • Portable electric circular saw • Miter saw • Table Saw • Reciprocating and portable jig saw • Band saw • Jointer • Planer • Sanders (belt and portable) • Drill press • Routers

16. PORTABLE CIRCULAR SAW SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS • 1. Many portable circular saws have grounded plugs. If a plug has three prongs, make sure each prong is in good working condition and not broken off or loose. • 2. Make sure that the lower guard revolves up into the upper guard assembly without sticking or binding, and rotates freely back, covering the circular blade, at the completion of the cut.

17. 3. Make sure you check the blade for the proper cutting application for the job. Ask the instructor for assistance for special cutting operations. • 4. Before starting a cutting operation, you should set the proper cutting depth at 1/8 inch below the thickness of the stock you are cutting.

18. 5. All stock must be supported so that the rotating guard will not bind and will move freely during the complete cutting operation. • 6. Place the saw on the stock to be cut with the blade clear of the stock and lined up with the cut line on the stock, before the power is turned on.

19. 7. The portable circular saw is designed to cut only straight lines which can be square or beveled from the top surface of the stock to be cut. • 8. When using portable electric power equipment, always check to see that you have ample length of power cord to complete the job.

20. 9. Before starting your cutting operation, make sure the electric power cord will not come in contact with the moving blade. • 10. If the cutoff piece of stock is unsupported, caution must be used so that when it falls, the stock does not cause injury to the operator, other students, or damage to the cut stock.

21. 11. Make sure the switch is in the off position before plugging the saw into the power source. • 12. The saw must be unplugged from the power source when changing the blade, adjusting the depth of cut, or doing any adjustments in the cutting operation.

22. 13. Every student must obtain permission from the instructor prior to using the portable circular saw. The instructor will assist in selecting the proper blade and provide strict supervision in the cutting operation. • If you are apprehensive about using this machine, have the instructor assist you. • Always wear approved eye protection while operating this machine.

23. Miter Saw Safety Rules • 1. Make sure the material being cut is firmly and securely held against the rear fence. Preferably have a clean edge against the fence. • 2. Wood being cut on the saw can NOT be wider than 6’’ and/or higher than the fence and must be at least 12’’ long.

24. 3. The saw must be running at full speed before cutting the wood. • 4. Secure the base angle selector by pressing the handle and then turning the handle. After selecting the correct angle, lock the handle by pressing down on it. • 5. One hand must be on the trigger, while the other hand is 8’’.

25. 6. ALL angle cuts MUST be approved by the teacher. • 7. When at all possible, clamp down the work to the table, making sure is it tight against the fence. • 8. NEVER pull the saw through the work, the saw blade is always pushed back towards the fence.

26. Table Saw Safety

27. Table Saw Safety • 1. FOR YOUR OWN SAFETY, READ THE INSTRUCTION MANUAL BEFORE OPERATING. Learn the correct application and limitations as well as any specific potential hazards of your table saw. • 2. KEEP GUARDS IN PLACE and in working order. • 3. ALWAYS WEAR EYE PROTECTION.

28. Reciprocating jig sawSafety • 1. Wear safety glasses or a face shield. • 2. Disconnect power supply before changing or adjusting blades. • 3. Use lubricants when cutting metals.

29. 4. Keep all cords clear of cutting area. • 5. Position the saw beside the material before cutting and avoid entering the cut with a moving blade. • 6. Make sure guards, if present, are installed and are working properly.

30. Band saw • 1. Only operators trained in the safe operation of a band saw are allowed to use the saw. • 2. The operator should check the following points before operating the band saw. • 3. Operator must wear safety glasses. • 4. If the material chips severely, a face shield should be used in addition to safety glasses.

31. 5. Blade should be checked for tightness • 6. Verify location of off switch and/or emergency power disconnect. • 7. Ensure that the table is clear of materials, tools, and debris. • 8. All portions of the saw blade must be enclosed or guarded except the portion between the bottom of the guide rolls and the table.

32. 9. The blade guard should be kept adjusted as close as possible to the table without interfering with movement of the stock. • 10. The down travel guard from the upper wheel to the guide rolls shall be so adjusted that the blade will travel within the angle or channel

33. . 11. The wheels of the band saw (upper and lower) must be fully enclosed. • 12. A blade tension control device with an indicator must be present on all band saws.

34. Jointer • 1. Operate only with the instructor's permission and after you have received proper instruction. • 2. Remove jewelry, eliminate loose clothing and confine long hair. • 3. Make sure all guards are in place and operating properly. • 4. Always use proper eye protection.

35. 5. Make all adjustments with the power turned off. • 6. A push stick or push block must be used when hands would pass over or within 2" of the cutter head. • 7. Do not make cuts more than 1/8" thick without your instructor's permission.

36. 8. The absolute minimum length of material that may be jointed is twice the size of the knives: 6" jointer, 12" long wood- 8" jointer, 16" long wood. • 9. Do not adjust or move the rear or outfeed table without permission.

37. Sanders (belt and portable) • Belt Sander • 1. Be certain the belt is correctly mounted. The belt MUST be in the center of the rollers! The adjusting knob is on the side of the sander. • 2. Inspect the paper to verify that it is useable and not torn! • 3. Make sure the sander’s on-off switch is OFF before plugging in!

38. 4. Clamp down to work bench ALL material being sanded! • 5. The sanding machine must be at full operating speed before applying it to the wood surface. • 6. When sanding, do so in a well-ventilated area, preferably away from other machines and finishing material. • 7. Use a vacuum or a dust collector to collect dust while sanding to prevent the dispersal over a large area.

39. Palm Sander • 1. The palm sander is usually used as a finishing sander; make sure when using on a wood surface that it is used with the grain. • 2. Inspect the sandpaper to verify that it is not torn before using it.

40. 3. The palm sander must be operated at full speed before applying it to the wood surface. • 4. DO NOT plane sander near the edge of the work bench because it can fall off the table and be damaged.

41. Drill press • 1. Operate only with the instructor's permission and after you have received proper instruction. • 2. Remove jewelry, eliminate loose clothing and confine long hair. • 3. Make sure all guards are in place and operating properly.

42. 4. Always use proper eye protection. • 5. Hold material securely with a vice or clamps. • 6. Be sure the chuck key is removed from the chuck before starting the machine. • 7. Select a properly sharpened bit. For metal, center punch when a hole is to be drilled.

43. 8. Turn off the power if the work piece becomes caught in the drill. Do not stop the chuck rotation by hand. • 9. Adjust the table or depth stop to avoid drilling into the table. • 10. Select the correct speed: Normally, slower for drilling metal, faster for wood. The larger the bit, the slower the speed.

44. Routers • 1. Always wear eye & ear protection.
 • 2. Follow router manufacturer's safety & use instructions.
 • 3. Insert at least 3/4 of bit shank into the collet.
 • 4. Use template guide collars whenever possible to reduce bit deflection.
 • 5. Reduce router speeds for large bits.


45. 6. Use a router table & fence whenever possible.
 • 7. Adjust fence for a slight clearance between the guide bearing and the stock.
 • 8. For heavy stock removal, to prolong bit life and give a better finish, use multiple passes.
 • 9. Pre-plough dovetail cuts with a straight cutter to remove the majority of the waste.
.

46. 10. Before changing cutters, always unplug your router.
 • 11. Always check bits for damage before use.
 • 12. When installing bits, always leave about 1/8" clearance from the collar bottom.
 • 13. Always use a router table with fence when working with large diameter bits.
 • 14. Always use sharp bits