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Mesh Technology

Evolutions in Satellite Telecommunication Ground Segments 5 - 6 June 2008 - ESA/ESTEC - Noordwijk, The Netherlands. Mesh Technology. Tony Naaman Systems Architecture iDirect, USA. Agenda. Introduction Star & Mesh Networks Mesh Scalability, Transmit & Receive Hopping Mesh

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Mesh Technology

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  1. Evolutions in Satellite Telecommunication Ground Segments 5 - 6 June 2008 - ESA/ESTEC - Noordwijk, The Netherlands Mesh Technology Tony Naaman Systems Architecture iDirect, USA

  2. Agenda • Introduction • Star & Mesh Networks • Mesh Scalability, Transmit & Receive Hopping • Mesh • Markets & Applications • Technical Challenges • Market Trends • Enabling Technologies • Internet Routing In Space (IRIS) • Overview • Routing, Scalability & QoS

  3. Introduction

  4. Star Network Star TDMA Inbound Shared SCPC Outbound Hub RF

  5. Remote-to-Remote Communication in Star Network Star TDMA Inbound Shared SCPC Outbound Hub RF

  6. Remote-to-Remote Disadvantages in Star Network • Latency • Critical for Real-Time Applications • Double Hop over the Satellite • Inefficient use of Satellite Bandwidth • Remote-to-Remote Traffic requires Twice the Bandwidth of Star Traffic

  7. Remote-to-Remote Communication with Mesh Carrier Star TDMA Inbound Shared SCPC Outbound Mesh TDMA Carrier Hub RF

  8. Mesh Network – Scaling & Transmit Hopping Mesh TDMA Carriers Hub or Master Station RF

  9. Mesh Network – Scaling & Receive Hopping Mesh TDMA Carriers Large Stations Small Stations

  10. Mesh Market, Technology & Trends

  11. Mesh Markets & Applications • Mesh Market Segments • Enterprise Networks • Cellular Networks • Oil & Gas • Enterprise Connectivity • Distance Learning • Government & Military • Embassy Networks • Disaster Management • Homeland Security • Defense • Mesh Applications • VoIP • Video Conferencing • Cellular Backhaul (Move to Local Routing) • Other Data Applications

  12. Mesh Technical Challenges • Link Budget • Small Antenna & Limited Transmit Power • Small Carriers => Need Multiple Carriers for Scaling • Different Terminal Sizes & Rain Fade • Multi Symbol Rates, Modulation and Coding • Timing & Frequency Tracking • Clock Inaccuracy & Doppler Shift • Reference Source from Hub or Master Controller • Closed Loop for Adjustments • Uplink Power Control • For all Carriers and Remote Terminals • Closed Loop for Adjustments • Transmit & Receive Hopping • Multi Symbol Rates, Modulation and Coding • Frequency Range - Across Transponders • Single vs. Dual Transmitters • Multi-Demodulators vs. Receive Time Plan

  13. Mesh Market Trends • Higher Data Rates • Larger Networks – Scalability • More Flexibility – Hybrid Networks • Improved Bandwidth Efficiency • Lower Cost of Ownership

  14. Enabling Technologies – Higher Data Rates • Faster Processor on Remote Terminal • Larger FPGA & Memory • Remote Terminal Hardware Cost going Down • Antenna, BUC, Processor, FPGA, Memory • Faster Transmit & Receive Hopping • Multi-Demodulators for Simultaneous Receive of Multiple Carriers • Hub or Master Controller • Tighter Timing & Frequency Control • Better Bandwidth Management

  15. Enabling Technologies – Scalability • Transmit & Receive Hopping • Across Transponders • Multiple Symbol Rates, Modulation & Coding • Intelligent Bandwidth Management Software • Transmit Time Plan • Receive Time Plan or Mesh Carrier Load Balancing

  16. Enabling Technologies – Flexibility • Hybrid Networks • Shared SCPC Outbound from Hub • DVB-S2/ACM for Increased Efficiency • TDMA Return to Hub (Star) • Remotes with Low or Irregular Traffic Pattern • SCPC Return to Hub (Star) • Remotes with Steady Traffic Pattern • TDMA Mesh between Remote Terminals • Remotes with Low or Irregular Traffic Pattern • SCPC Mesh between Remote Terminals • Remotes with Steady Traffic Pattern • Multiple Transmit • Example: SCPC to some Destinations & TDMA to Others

  17. Enabling Technologies – Bandwidth Efficiency • Adaptive FEC Rates • For Large Networks with Multiple Carriers • Multiple Symbol Rates • Multiple Modulation (8PSK, QPSK, BPSK, Spread Spectrum) • Real-Time Monitoring of SNR for each Remote Terminal & Optimal Carrier and FEC Chosen • Intelligent Bandwidth Management System Generates Optimal Time Plan

  18. Enabling Technologies – Low Cost of Ownership • Sharing Hub & Space Segment Cost among Multiple Network Operators • Group QoS (GQoS) allows Sharing of Space Segment while Logically Partitioning Bandwidth for Multiple Networks • Virtual Network Operator (VNO) allows Multiple Network Operators to Manage their Networks Independently while Sharing Hub Equipment, Space Segment and Network Management System & Maintaining Total Privacy • Lower Cost of Remote Terminal Hardware Economically Viable Mesh for Small Enterprise Networks

  19. Internet Routing In Space (IRIS)

  20. Internet Routing In Space (IRIS) • Concept • On-Board Processing & Routing of IP Packets • Routing across Transponders • On-Board Routing & Multicast Distribution • Routing across Co-located Satellites • WiMax in Space • Routing across Distant Satellites • Laser Inter-Satellite Link (ISL) Scalable, Full-Mesh, Single-Hop Connectivity

  21. Remote-to-Remote & Remote-to-Hub with IRIS Router Remote Terminals TDMA In DVB-S2 Out Hub In Hub RF

  22. Hub-to-Remote Communication with IRIS Router Remote Terminals TDMA In DVB-S2 Out Hub In Hub RF

  23. Accessing Google.com with Traditional Broadband Google

  24. Accessing Google.com with IRIS Router Transponder-2 Transponder-1 Google

  25. Accessing Google.com with IRIS & Laser ISL Router Router Google

  26. Capacity Sizing with IRIS • Remote Inbound Traffic = Mesh + Star Inbound • Internet Traffic Asymmetrical (Star Out = n * Star In) • S2 Capacity = Mesh Traffic + Star In Traffic + Star Out Traffic Mesh & Star In Traffic Mesh Traffic S2 Star Out Traffic TDMA Inbound • Hub In Traffic uses much better Modulation & Coding than TDMA Inbound • S2 Outbound uses ACM • Note: QoS becomes more complex with Routing across Transponders & Satellites Star In Traffic Hub In Star In Traffic Star Out Traffic Internet

  27. Routing, Scalability & QoS with IRIS Region-2 Region-1 Region-3 S2 XP3 S2 XP2 S2 XP1 Router Hub In XP2 Hub In XP1 Hub In XP3 TDMA XP1 TDMA XP3 TDMA XP2 Region-1 Region-2 Region-3

  28. Internet Routing In Space (IRIS) - Advantages • Scalability • Across Transponders & Satellites • Link Budget • Signal Reconstruction • Higher Data Rates with Smaller Antenna & BUC • On-Board Packet Replication • Multicast Applications • Still Require: • Bandwidth Management (Group QoS) • Adaptive Schemes for Bandwidth Efficiency • Complexity On-Board or Ground Segment – Trade Off

  29. Thank you

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