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Plant genetics: selection, hybridization, polyploidy, and modification

Mendel and his peas. Barbara McClintock: jumping genes (transposable elements) in Zea mays. Plants have more. Genomes (three in every plant)HybridizationWhy?PolyploidyWhy?. Variegated leaf of Monstera: a chimera. Extreme natural selection: divergence of Agrostis (bentgrass) populations .

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Plant genetics: selection, hybridization, polyploidy, and modification

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    1. Plant genetics: selection, hybridization, polyploidy, and modification

    2. Mendel and his peas

    3. Barbara McClintock: jumping genes (transposable elements) in Zea mays

    4. Plants have more Genomes (three in every plant) Hybridization Why? Polyploidy Why?

    5. Variegated leaf of Monstera: a chimera

    6. Extreme natural selection: divergence of Agrostis (bentgrass) populations

    8. Natural hybrid: black oak X valley oak

    9. Polyploidy (here, autopolyploidy)

    10. Allopolyploidy Involves two species They interbreed, but fail to produce fertile offspring (why?) A “polyploidization” (mutagenic) event occurs in flowering shoot Due to nondisjunction, unreduced gametes are produced These gametes fuse (self-fertilization) and produce polyploid offspring Polyploid offspring matures, successfully makes gametes that are diploid Self-fertilization again occurs, new polyploid plants produced

    11. Georgi Karpechenko

    12. The Raphanobrassica story

    13. Karpechenko induced polyploidy with colchicine (from autumn crocus)

    14. The result?

    15. Reticulate evolution involving polyploidy: Tragopogon (Goat’s beard), a weed in Montana

    16. Natural hybrids (involving polyploidy) of Clarkia

    17. Effects of ploidy level on cell size in yeast

    18. Non-triploid (diploid) bananas

    19. Genetic engineering: unlikely source

    20. Using A. tumefaciens to make transgenic plants

    21. Even more fun: Use a gene gun Viewer discretion advised

    22. List of plants that have been or are nearly sequenced as of November 2008

    23. Sustaining biodiversity in ancient tropical countryside Jai Ranganathan, R. J. Ranjit Danielsb, M. D. Subash Chandranc, Paul R. Ehrlich, and Gretchen C. Daily

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