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Other Animal Tissues. 1) Proper. a) Loose. 1) Epithelial tissue. Types of animal tissues. a) Skeletal. 2) Skeletal. 3 ) Blood. c ) Fibrous. b ) Cartilage. 4) Nervous tissue. a) Bone. b) Adipose. b) Cardiac. 3) Muscular tissue. 2) Connective tissue. c ) Smooth.
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Other Animal Tissues 1) Proper a)Loose 1) Epithelial tissue Types of animal tissues a)Skeletal 2)Skeletal 3)Blood c)Fibrous b)Cartilage 4) Nervous tissue a)Bone b)Adipose b)Cardiac 3) Muscular tissue 2) Connective tissue c)Smooth
2- Skeletal Connective Tissues A- Bone • Produces solid matrix of calcium phosphate and collagen fibers. • Each osteon(Haversian systems) has a central canal containing blood vessels and nerves. • Bone is harder than cartilage. • The functions of bone are support, movement, protection of internal organs, mineral storage (calcium, phosphate) and blood cell development.
B- Cartilage • Support soft tissues (nose, ear, trachea and vertebral discs). • Sliding areas for joints, facilitate bone movements. • The mature (adult) cell in cartilage is a chondrocyte خلية غضروفية • Cells are found in Lacunae (gap) within the matrix. • Fibers may be elastic or non-elastic
3- Blood (Vascular Tissue) • The matrix is a liquid called plasma (55%): • 90% water • 10% proteins, hormones, vitamins, nutrients etc. • There are three types of blood cells (45%).
Third: Muscular tissues Characterized by • Tissue with cells having muscle fibers specialized for contraction. • It has large numbers of myofibrils made of the contractile proteins actin and myosin
Types of Muscular Tissues • There are three types of muscular tissues in the vertebrate body. 1- Skeletal Muscles العضلات الهيكلية • It attaches to bones by tendons • Responsible for voluntary movements • Also called striated muscles 2- Cardiac muscles العضلات القلبية • It is found in the wall of the heart. • Cardiac muscles are branched. • Intercalated disc 3- Smooth muscles العضلات الملساء • No striations. • It is found in the walls of the digestive system, urinary bladder, arteries, and other internal organs. • The shape of the cells are spindle-shaped الشكل المغزلي
Fourth: Nervous tissues الأنسجةالعصبية • Nervous tissue is the main component of the nervous system. • The functional unit of nervous tissue is the neuron, or nerve cell. • It consists of three parts: a cell body, a single axon and dendrites. • Dendrites transmit nerve impulses from their tips toward the rest of the neuron. • Axons transmit impulses toward another neuron, muscles or glands.