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Charles’ Law

Charles’ Law. Effect of Temperature on Volume. Low Temperature. High Temperature. Charles’ Law. Jacques Charles studied the direct mathematical relationship between ___________ and ___________ of a gas. As temperature increases, the volume of the gas increases. volume. temperature.

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Charles’ Law

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  1. Charles’ Law Effect of Temperature on Volume Low Temperature High Temperature

  2. Charles’Law • Jacques Charles studied the direct mathematical relationship between ___________ and ___________ of a gas. • As temperature increases, the volume of the gas increases. volume temperature

  3. Charles measured the volume of air at different temperatures, and recorded the results. • During his experiments_________of the system and_______________were held constant. mass pressure

  4. _______ ______ How does Temperature and Volume of gases relate graphically? V/T = k Volume Temperature

  5. Which picture represents what the gas will look like when the temperature is increased? (Assume constant n, P)

  6. Constant pressure Constant amount of gas V aT V = kT V/T = k V1/T1 = V2/T2 As T increases, V Increases 5.3

  7. Movie Time! Gases and Charles' Law Video

  8. V1 V2 = T1 T2 Charles’ Formula: In a given system: V= Volume T= Temperature How does this differ fromBoyle’s Formula? P1V1= P2V2 V= Volume P= Pressure

  9. 3 L V1 V2 V2 = = 310K T1 T2 340K A balloon is filled with 3.0 L of helium at 310 K. The balloon is placed in an oven where the temperature reaches 340 K. What is the new volume of the balloon? • Given • T1 = ___K • V1 = ___ L 310 340 • T2 = ___K • V2 = ? 3 3.29L = V2 • Formula 3) Substitution

  10. V1 V2 = T1 T2 • I have 130 liters of gas in a piston at a temperature of 250 K. If I cool the gas until the volume decreases to 85 liters, what will the temperature of the gas be? • Given • T1 = ___K • V1 = ___ L • T2 = ? K • V2 = ___ L T2= 163.46K • Formula 3) Substitution

  11. Practice! Answer Charles’ Law Practice Problems #’s 1, 2, 3, and 5.

  12. Gay-Lussac’s Law • Old man Lussac studied the direct relationship between _____________ and ______________ of a gas. • As the temperature increases the pressure a gas exerts on its container increases. • During his experiments volume of the system and amount of gas were held constant. temperature pressure

  13. Gay-Lussac’s Law • As the Kelvin temperature of the gas increases, the pressure of the gas increases and vise versa. P = k T P P1 • What temperature is this? P2 • T (K) T2 T1 -273oC

  14. Gay-Lussac’s Law • The relationship among pressure and temperature, at constant volume, can be mathematically represented by an equation known as Gay-Lussac’ law. P1 = P2 T1 T2 where: P1 is the initial pressure and P2 is the new pressure. T1 is the initial temperature and T2 is the new temperature. V1 and V2 are the same (constant volume.)

  15. 2.5 P1 P2 P2 = = 298 T1 T2 398 • The pressure in a can of hairspray is 2.50 atm at a temperature of 298 K. What is the pressure in the can when it is heated to 398 K? • : • Given 398 • T1 = ___K • P1 = ___ atm 298 • T2 = ___K • P2 = ? 2.5 • Formula P2= 3.34atm 3) Substitution

  16. Practice! Answer Lussac’s Law Practice Problems #’s 1, 2, and 5.

  17. Summary of our GasLaws!

  18. Pop QUIZ! You have 15 minutes to finish the quiz.

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