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Chapter 22 Selecting Interior Finishes

Chapter 22 Selecting Interior Finishes. Finishes Functional Parameters. Durability Acoustical performance Fire safety Relationship to mech. & elect. services Changeability Fire resistance Aesthetics Design compliance / enhancement. Interior Finishes. One of the purposes -

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Chapter 22 Selecting Interior Finishes

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  1. Chapter 22Selecting Interior Finishes

  2. FinishesFunctional Parameters • Durability • Acoustical performance • Fire safety • Relationship to mech. & elect. services • Changeability • Fire resistance • Aesthetics • Design compliance / enhancement

  3. Interior Finishes • One of the purposes - Conceal or accommodate the building services • Equipment & distribution systems: • Mechanical (HVAC) • Plumbing (water, sewer,storm) • Sprinkler • Electrical (power, communication, etc.) • Vertical transportation • Others: computer connections, vacuum, etc.

  4. MPE System Installation • Shafts - vertical runs of pipe, duct, wiring, elevators, etc. • Concealment and prevention of fire migration • Suspended Ceilings - Horizontal runs of MPE • Floors - servicescast into floor, access flooring • Plumbing Chases - water, sewer • Mechanical Spaces - rooms, penthouse, roof, basement, mezzanines

  5. Horizontal runs of Piping Horizontal Runs of Duct

  6. Sprinkler Duct Duct Cable Tray Electrical Plumbing Overhead Rough-in: High Rise Corridor

  7. Electrical Cable TV Plumbing Sprinkler Unistrut Overhead Rough-in; Low Rise Hotel Corridor

  8. Plumbing Chase

  9. Plumbing Underground

  10. MPE Rough-in for Elevated Slab Electrical Plumbing Sleeves

  11. Partition Rough-in Plumbing Electrical

  12. Partition Framing to Conceal Fan Coil Unit

  13. Rooftop Equipment HVAC Equipment Heating & Cooling

  14. HVAC Equipment Cooling Tower (“ground” or roof mounted)

  15. Roof Top Mechanical & Electrical Space (concealed)

  16. Fiberglass Construction - Communications Transmission

  17. Mechanical Equipment Room

  18. Electrical Panels

  19. Interior Finishes Sequence • Overhead Rough-in(duct, pipe, electric home runs/service) AND • MPE Vertical Distribution Systems (plg, duct, elec.) • Partition Framing (CMU, metal framing) • Partition Rough-in (plg, elec., communications, etc.) • Ceiling Framing & Rough-in (DW, acoustic grid, lights, HVAC, etc.) • Cabinetry, Built-in equipment and furnishes • Ceiling Finishes, Wall Finishes, Floor Finishes Sequence depends on: Type of materials / systems used

  20. Interior Finishes Sequence • Primary Considerations for Sequence: • Need for subsequent operations - framing/RI • Priority for Location EX. - electric pipe vs. sewer • Durability of material • Ability to withstand unconditioned Space- cabinetry/doors • Ability to withstand construction abuse - soft vs. hard tile • Project Schedule Requirements • Availability - lead time, field measurements

  21. Considerations for Selecting Interior Finishes • Appearance • Durability & Maintenance • Acoustic Criteria • Fire Criteria • Relationship to MPE services • Changeability • Cost • Toxic Emissions

  22. Appearance • Present / Carry out a particular Concept • Interior space - usage, feel, form, etc. • Lighting • Color • Pattern • Texture • etc.

  23. Durability & Maintenance • “Highly durable finishes generally cost more…” • Selection generally determined by “need”/use • Intensity of use - “wear & tear” • Water resistance requirements • Cleanliness & maintenance requirements • Examples • “hard” flooring in an airport vs. carpet in an office • drywall ceilings in a hospital vs. acoustic in retail/office • CMU in public restrooms or mechanical room vs. drywall • VWC in a corridor vs. paint

  24. Acoustic Criteria • “Interior finish materials strongly affect the quality of listening conditions and the levels of acoustic privacy inside a building.” (They absorb or reflect sound - space use typ. determines) • Sound Transmission Class (STC) of Partitions • A measure of sound transmission • Full scale testing to determine STC rating • Can also use a field test to verify • Requires - proper construction • partition, sealing MPE penetrations, doors, etc.

  25. Acoustic Criteria • Ways to Reduce Sound Transmission • Proper selection of materials / components • Floors, ceilings & walls • Proper installation • Sound absorbing insulation • Resilient partition mountings • Isolation of equipment

  26. Sound Insulation and Resilient Mountings to reduce sound transmission

  27. ‘Insulates’ floor and Seals joint between partitions & floor Cement/Gypsum Self-Leveling Floor Covering to reduce floor-to-floor sound transmission

  28. Equipment Isolation Mount

  29. Fire Criteria • Typically governed by Building Codes • Concerned with: • Combustibility • Flame spread (how quickly fire spreads / material burns) • Fuel Contributed Rating (combustibility of material) • Smoke Developed Rating (smoke contribution) “smoke, not heat, is the primary killer in building fires” • Fire Resistance

  30. “Smoke” caulking @ MPE penetrations

  31. Fire Resistance Ratings • Full Scale Tests to determine an assembly’s rating • Must maintain physical & structural integrity • Not permit passage of flame or hot gases • Insulate to keep cool the side not exposed to the fire • Openings • Restricted in size • Must be protected to prevent passage of fire/gases • Doors - rated • Duct - Fire/smoke dampers • Piping - sleeves and sealant

  32. Pneumatically Operated Fire Damper Fire Damper with Fusible Link

  33. Rated Opening in Exit Corridor

  34. Rating Label on Corridor Doors

  35. Changeability • How permanent are the interior finishes? • Office, Retail • Changes in services and finishes often • Lighter, easily changed construction materials • acoustic clg., drywall, moveable partitions, carpet, etc. • Government Building, Theater • Changes in services and finishes less often / seldom • Heavier, harder to change construction materials • drywall clg., plaster, CMU, stone, hard tiles

  36. Cost • First (initial) Cost • Installed cost • Highly important with tight budget and/or short life • Life-Cycle Cost • First cost + maintenance + replacement + energy costs • Important if: • Building useful life is long • Ownership is retained over an extended period • Budget considerations allow higher initial cost

  37. Toxic Emissions of Materials • Solvents, finishes, etc. • Airborne fibers • Susceptibility to mold/mildew • Radon Gas • Sick Buildings

  38. Trends in Interior Finish Systems • Components vs Single system • Constructed to accommodate change • EX: partitions anchored to grid, modular • Heavy to Lighter Materials • EX: plaster/CMU to drywall, hard tiles to vinyl/carpet • Less dead load, often less cost • Wet systems to “Dry” systems • Plaster to gypsum drywall to acoustic • Terrazzo to hard tile to carpet/vinyl

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