Harvard Art Museums

1. Sauna: Asmall room used as a hot-air or steam bath for cleaning and refreshing the body - oxforddictionaries.com Harvard Art Museums

2. a little hemispherical building shaped rather like an igloo with a low doorway. (Image [R] from the Codex Magliabecchiano, info from "Everyday Life of the Aztecs" by Warwick Bray) Against it was constructed a fire-place, and the blaze warmed the adjacent wall of the bath-house until it glowed red-hot. At this stage, the bather crept into the house and threw water onto the hot wall until the interior was filled with steam. [L] Engraving Print of Aztec Steam Baths or Saunas by J. Fumagalli

3. 1955 Finnish women bringing logs and clean towels to a bath house in preparation for a sauna – getty images •  The metal stove with stones on top is heated with birch wood fire, and this heats the sauna room to the required temperature • Wood sauna stove - wikimedia

4. the electric sauna stove, was introduced on 11 May 1951 by Johannes Säubel in Helsinki

5. Types of Saunas Pre-Built/Pre-cut Saunas (electrical) Portable and pre-built saunas are the easiest to install. Both are modular units that come in 5 major pieces (two side walls, back wall, front wall with pre-cut door, and ceiling). Even a 2 or 4-person sauna can be installed by one individual in an hour or two, and the installation requires only a few simple tools. Because prefabs are easy to install, they are also portable: they can be installed anywhere there is access to electrical service.

6. Infrared Saunas • Instead of heating the air around like a normal sauna, infrared rays directly heat the body tissue below the skins surface, allowing to sweat out toxins (among other benefits) instead of indirectly heating the body like a normal sauna…

7. Wet & Dry Saunas • A sauna that uses a wood burning stove, or a more modern electric stove can be used as a wet or dry sauna. The difference will depend on the temperature and humidity inside. Wet home saunas are often called steam saunas. Most saunas today use a heater and some type of volcanic rocks. In both cases, the rocks are heated to a high temperature. The main difference between a wet and dry sauna is the water that is splashed over the rocks in a sauna that is wet. Because the rocks are heated to such an extreme temperature, the water vaporizes very quickly causing steam to form. In a dry sauna, there is no water, just heated rocks.

8. portable Finnish sauna bath portable sauna bath

10. Portable Bag Saunas • Only neck and parts of the body under the neck are being heated.

11. “Inipi”, a sweat lodge in which hot stones were used to generate the necessary heat. Inspired by this ancient form of sauna, the EOOS design team developed an innovative sauna concept for Duravit

12. Sauna important Features • Heater • Vents & Air Circulation • Sauna Foil Vapor Barrier

13. Sauna Heater • Most important element in the sauna room and it is responsible for vaporizing water into steam. • Sauna Heater varies in shape and size to fit different sauna uses, rooms, uses …. etc

14. How it works? The stove heats the rocks above it then water is poured on the rocks to be turned into steam inside the sauna room

15. Types • Wood burning Sauna stoves • Electricity-powered sauna stoves, perfect for small spaces as it takes little sauna room space • Propane/Natural Gas-powered stoves, Have larger rock tray for higher steam output Wood burning heater

16. Electricity-powered stoves need sturdy heater guard installed according to heater manufacturer specifications.

17. Woodburning sauna heaters have much hotter surface temps, so they don’t typically use a heater guard and usually require a brick or stone wall inlay near heater to act as a heat shield.

18. Rocks Used to store much heat to be used in vaporizing water when poured, Rocks must be replaced every year OR 500 hours of use.

20. The heater must be placed on a concrete-like base. In case of wood finishing, It must be placed on a brick base with 30cm offset around the heater base covered with a 2mm steel sheet.

21. In case of brick walls, The heater must be placed around 2”/5cm apart from the wall and in case of wooden walls the distance is no less then 50cm.

22. The heater is also connected to chimney from brick or metal to emit the smoke (produced from burning) outside. Chimney pipe diameter is no less than 4”> Chimney-roof connection

24. Vents & Air Circulation • Ventilation in a sauna room is extremely important to achieve the utmost in satisfaction and pleasure. It will also speed up the preheating of the sauna room. • Lack of fresh air results in the difficulty in breathing or burning of the skin. • The expended hot air in the sauna contains less oxygen than the denser atmosphere outside. Bathers sometimes experience faintness unless the air is changed regularly. • Normally two ventilators are built into the walls • Very large rooms may have to use mechanical air exchange - a suction fun removes air from room causing a low-pressure sucking fresh air in through the intake vent. 

25. mechanical ventilation lead the incoming air 500 mm above the stove where it will blend with the air rising from the stove. As a result, sufficient circulation of air is created in the sauna room. Exhaust air is led out mechanically at floor level, for instance under the benches • Traditional air ventilation • natural air circulation is achieved when fresh air is led in at floor level near the stove and led out as far from the stove as possible, near the ceiling

26. Sauna Foil Vapor Barrier • the Aluminum foil vapor barrier and the insulation to keep the heat inside the sauna. A layer of special high temperature aluminum foil vapor barrier must be used to prevent moisture from collecting in the sauna walls and also to reflect heat back into the sauna.

27. Presented by: • AsmaaAbdelbadee’ AbdallahSarhan • AmalElsayedElsayedIbrahem • HadeerKhalelMeslh • HuseinAzab • KhaledLotfyIbrahem • Mahmoud Mohamed MagdyMahmoudHegazy • Mohamed Adel Hassan • Mohamed AbdelhameedElKady • Mustafa Ahmed Sultan