Relocation at Dr. William Liu - Transforming Lives through IT Solutions

1. A Relocation at … _ _ _ … ? Dr William Liu Department of Information Technology and Software Engineering School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences Auckland University of Technology

2. IT starts from three stories… Source: google image

3. Imagine a world… • Deeply integrating computation, communication, and control into physical systems • Transform the way we live • Drive economic prosperity • Underpin national security • Enhance societal well-being • Users can bet their life on Source: Keith Marzullo, NSF, Division Director for Computer and Networked Systems. Image Credit: Nicolle Rager Fuller, NSF

4. Imagine a world… News: Auckland teacher's book helps parents navigate online jungle Source: http://www.chinanews.com/fz/2015/04-15/7208797.shtml

5. Source: iPad holder seat for babies sparks outcry Imagine a day… Technology is addictive Image Credit: William Liu @AUT

6. Imagine a REAL story… Source: Odysseus and the Sirens by Herbert James Draper, c. 1909

7. Who Am I: Siren,Sailor or Odessxdo? Source: google image

8. Is There an Elephant in this Room? “What most people need to learn in life is how to love people and use things instead of using people and loving things.” - Anonymous Source: google image EE-Papers: https://www.aut.ac.nz/profiles/william-liu

9. Rebound Effects ? The ‘elephant’ we cannot see or do not want to talk about… • Strong ICT advocacy for energy efficiency betterment as the industry believes in building a ‘win-win situation’ in which all the manufacturers, services providers and the environment could profit from the development • But improving the energy efficiency will lower unit prices and hence make its use more affordable, leading to greater use and hence creating the rebound effect ! Greening et al. (1997) have identified three types of rebound effect: • Direct rebound effect: the increased use of energy services induced by the reduction in their unit cost due to greater efficiency • Indirect rebound effect : caused by the reduction in the cost of services • The general equilibrium effects involves both vendors and consumers to contribute to the overall result of adjustments of supply and demand in all sectors. AIREHROUR, D., GUTIERREZ, J., LIU, W. and WU, J. “When Internet raised to the Things power: Are Energy Efficiency Standards Sufficient to Curb Carbon Footprints?”, Proceedings of the GSICT, the IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM 2015), San Diego, USA, December,

10. Impact, Population, Affluence and Technology (IPAT) Analysis • The IPAT equation (Ehrlich et al., 1971) could be used in measuring human impact on the planet and it is given as: Impact = Population x Affluence x Technology • Affluence = Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per person and technology • Technology = this term is formulated as the product of Resources and Quantity. efficiency improvement leads in resource consumption !

11. An example Figure: Coal (Q) vs. Coal (e)

12. The 1st Message: Siren…? • Energy efficiency saves people money, but it is fatally flawed as a key solution to the problem of global warming • Historical data in the traditional energy sector shows that in most countries the overall energy consumption has risen: - despite better improvements in energy efficiency - gains in efficiency triggers higher levels of energy consumption rather than reducing energy consumption

13. The 2nd Message: InfOllution

14. Infollution…? • Information pollution is the contamination of information supply with irrelevant, redundant, unsolicited and low-value information (Orman, 1984) • The spread of useless and undesirable information can have a detrimental effect on human activities. It is considered one of the adverse effects of the information revolution (Cai and Zhang, 1996) • Infollution: The term infollution or informatization pollution was initially coined by Dr. Paek-Jae Cho, former president & CEO of KTC (Korean Telecommunication Corp.), in a 2002 speech at the International Telecommunications Society (ITS) 14th biennial conference to describe any undesirable side effect brought about by information technology and its applications Orman, L, 1984. Fighting Information Pollution with Decision Support Systems. Journal of Management Information Systems, 1(2), pp. 64-71 Cai, K. and Zhang, C., 1996. Towards a Research on Information Pollution. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 3124-3129

15. The 2nd Message: InfOllution *Energy Intensity: 0.2 kWh/GB in 2009 *Coroama, V. C. & Hilty, L. M. Assessing Internet energy intensity: A review of methods and results Environmental impact assessment review, Elsevier, 2014, 45, 63-68 http://www.epa.gov/energy/greenhouse-gas-equivalencies-calculator

16. Is our Internet sustainable…?

17. One possible view is… Sustainable development: to make development of a system R with regard to a function N and a time period T, or say to develop R in a way that does not compromise its ability to fulfil N for a period T. In other words, a system is developed sustainably if the user can keep this “long enough.” Rti (N)>0, ti <T R may be also called a “resource” in the broadest sense of the term, and the process of fulfilling, N can also be called a “service”. We may think of R as being either a human-made or a natural system, or a combination of the two: a human-environment system.

18. The 3rd Message: SDGs https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/

19. 3 Letters to bring home: SOS…? Why:Siren What problem:InfOllution What to do: pursue SDGs with your way

20. me… We…?