An Information System to Learn Characteristic Sets of Words and to Examine Knowledge in Statistics

1. An Information System to Learn Characteristic Sets of Words and to Examine Knowledge in Statistics Oskars Rasnacs, Riga Stradinsh University Maris Vitins, University of Latvia VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

2. Main problem Data Hypothesis ? Decisions about data processing methods VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

3. Riga Stradinsh University • Health care specialties (medicine, food, pharmacy, art therapy and others) • Social science specialties (business, politics, economics and others) Author from Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physics VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

4. Minimal volume of information for learning In the statistics’ subject usually large information volume What student need to learn for information searching in the literature or internet in short time? Characteristic sets of words in the English (for Latvian students) VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

5. Minimal volume of information for learning Students like characteristic sets of words search information. Working independently works it is allowed VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

6. Characteric sets of words Central tendency indicators Mean (average), minimum, maximum, count – very good known Median Mode Quartiles Percentiles VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

7. Characteristic sets of words Dispersion indicators Range Variance Std. deviation 3 definition Skewness Kurtosis VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

8. Characteristic sets of words Representation indicators (std. errors) Std. for Mean Std. for Skewness Std. for Kurtosis VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

9. Characteristic sets of words Normal distribution Student T-test for independent sample Student T-test for paired sample Analysis of variance (ANOVA) Pearson correlation Linear regression VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

10. Characteristic sets of words Mann – Whitney, Kolmogorov – Smirnov, Wald - Wolfowitz test Wilcoxon, sign, MCNemar tests Kruskal – Wallis, Median tests Sperman, Kendall, gamma correlation Friedman, Kendall, Cochran tests VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

11. Difference of choose of data processing methods There are produced many algorithms where we can see relationship between characteristic sets of words Choosing the Correct Statistical Test in SAS, STATA and SPSS. http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/mult_pkg/whatstat/default.htm How to choose a statistical test. http://www.graphpad.com/www/book/choose.htm Selecting statistics. http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/selstat/ssstart.htm

12. Difference of choose of data processing methods Are dependent from: • learning content; • normal distribution criterion • ordinal data – qualitative or quantitative data? • classification of data processing situations VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

13. Difference of choose of data processing methods Can do in many kinds The author served 10 professors of Latvian Universities For each professor and specialist (after graduate student) have viewpoint VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

14. At begining of research 2008/09 The students used this algorithm (Teibe, 2007) VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

15. At begining of research 2008/09 Tests with 3 variants ofanswers, onecorrect. Forexample Frequencyofthepulsebeforeandafterload(normallydistributed) foroneandthesamepatients? Variants ofanswers: Analysis of variance (ANOVA); Independent sample Student t test; Paired sample Student t test. • Testmakingprogramhttp://skolai.daba.lv/proj_materiali/macibu_materiali/d/Testu_veidosana2_present_rb_d.pdf

16. At begining of research 2008/09 Thereareneedimprovementsinthelearning process: • Needmoredetalisedalgorithm (numberofsituationchanged, thismoment 31 situation) • Veryimportantisdatafileanddecisionmaking; • Usuallyoneandthesamesituationsomesolutions; bettersomecorrectanswers. • Theresultsof tests inthefirst stagearepoor(M=41,31, n=26), byRSU studyrulesaverage3 points. Thesecondstageofresearchstarted 2009/10

17. The second stage of research: learning data We may not use real data of patients To get data with students’ questionnaire To generate data according to statistical indicators in the scientific publications VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

18. Learning data • Student need to work also with data what is not normally distributed • There are given Mean (M), std. deviation (SD), n, % in the many publications of health care and social science specialties VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

19. Author’s 1-st model for data generation M, Mm are the real and targeted average values, SD and SDmare the real and targeted standard deviation, and Me, Mem are the real and targeted median. VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

20. Author’s 2-nd model for data generation yi – generated data values which are minimally different from the data values predicted by equations; yavg – average value of generated data values; yprogni – the data values predicted by equations; R2 – the target’s determination coefficient. VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

21. Information system There are many internet test making programs, for example, www.quizegg.com. The information system created by author’s direction Given MS Excel file with data and student need logically thinking according to interpretation to determine that set of characteristic words is adequate or not for data Data of test program are compatible with MS Excel There are test mode and learning mode Number (%) about test solving is compatibility with expert (professors) viewpoint VILNIUS: DBIS 2012

22. Information system

23. Information system

24. After second stage of research 2010/11 Results of student works are significant better (M=59,6%, n=55, Mann-Whitney test p<0,001)

25. Thank You for attention! VILNIUS: DBIS 2012