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EN 15459: Energy performance of buildings Economic evaluation procedure for energy systems in buildings

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EN 15459: Energy performance of buildings Economic evaluation procedure for energy systems in buildings

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    1. EN 15459: Energy performance of buildings Economic evaluation procedure for energy systems in buildings

    2. slide 2 Outline

    3. slide 3 The EU CENSE project (Oct. 2007 - March 2010) Aim of the project: To accelerate adoption and improved effectiveness of the EPBD related CEN- standards in the EU Member States These standards were successively published in the years 2007-2008 and are being implemented or planned to be implemented in many EU Member States. However, the full implementation is not a trivial task Main project activities: To widely communicate role, status and content of these standards; to provide guidance on the implementation To collect comments and good practice examples from Member States aiming to remove obstacles To prepare recommendations to CEN for a second generation of standards on the integrated energy performance of buildings

    4. slide 4 Brief introduction A brief introduction to the CENSE project and the CEN-EPBD standards is provided in a separate presentation:

    5. slide 5 Scope of the standard The economic calculation is one of the important aspects that motivate to implement energy saving measures. This standard presents a method for economic calculation of the heating systems, relying on data from other systems that may influence the energy demand of the heating system. This method can be used, fully or partly, for the following applications: - consider economic feasibility of energy saving options in buildings; - compare different solutions of energy saving options in buildings (e.g. plant types, fuels); - evaluate economic performance of an overall design of the building (e.g. trade-off between energy demand and energy efficiency of heating systems); - assess the effect of possible energy conservation measures on an existing heating system, by economic calculation of the cost of energy use with and without the energy conservation measure. The economic calculation is one of the important aspects that motivate to implement energy saving measures. This standard presents a method for economic calculation of the heating systems, relying on data from other systems that may influence the energy demand of the heating system. This method can be used, fully or partly, for the following applications: - consider economic feasibility of energy saving options in buildings; - compare different solutions of energy saving options in buildings (e.g. plant types, fuels); - evaluate economic performance of an overall design of the building (e.g. trade-off between energy demand and energy efficiency of heating systems); - assess the effect of possible energy conservation measures on an existing heating system, by economic calculation of the cost of energy use with and without the energy conservation measure.

    6. slide 6 Content The fundamental principles and terminology are explained in this standard. The main items of the standards are: definitions and structure of the types of costs which shall be taken into account for calculation of the economical efficiency of saving options in buildings; input data needed for definition of costs related to systems under consideration; calculation method(s); expression of the result of the economic calculation; informative annexes indicating default values of e.g. lifetime, costs for repair, costs for maintenance, in order to introduce default values for calculations. The fundamental principles and terminology are explained in this standard. The main items of the standards are: definitions and structure of the types of costs which shall be taken into account for calculation of the economical efficiency of saving options in buildings; input data needed for definition of costs related to systems under consideration; calculation method(s); expression of the result of the economic calculation; informative annexes indicating default values of e.g. lifetime, costs for repair, costs for maintenance, in order to introduce default values for calculations.

    7. slide 7 Principle of the method The approach of the calculation method is according to a global point of view (overall costs). However, depending on the objectives of the investor, the calculation method may be applied considering only selected specific cost items. For example, calculations concerning alternative solutions for heating systems may be performed considering only costs for the domestic hot water system and the space heating system.The approach of the calculation method is according to a global point of view (overall costs). However, depending on the objectives of the investor, the calculation method may be applied considering only selected specific cost items. For example, calculations concerning alternative solutions for heating systems may be performed considering only costs for the domestic hot water system and the space heating system.

    8. slide 8 Principle of the method

    9. slide 9 Global cost: Final value concept Calculation of global cost may be performed by a component or system approach, considering the initial investment CI and for every component of a system j the annual costs for any year i (referred to the starting year) and the final value. Calculation of the final value clause 5.2.2 of EN 15459 The final value Vf,t(j) of a component is determined by straight-line depreciation of the initial investment until the end of the calculation period and referred to the beginning of the calculation period. Calculation of global cost may be performed by a component or system approach, considering the initial investment CI and for every component of a system j the annual costs for any year i (referred to the starting year) and the final value. Calculation of the final value clause 5.2.2 of EN 15459 The final value Vf,t(j) of a component is determined by straight-line depreciation of the initial investment until the end of the calculation period and referred to the beginning of the calculation period.

    10. slide 10 Example: If calculation period (T) exceeds lifespan Tn(j) If the calculation period t exceeds the lifespan tn (j) of the considered component (j), the last replacement cost is considered for the straight-line depreciation. Total costs for replacement of component j during the calculation period considered (including initial investment), is the sum of: initial investment V0; replacement costs (A0, A0, etc.): any time the lifespan of the component is reached, the component shall be replaced, the cost of which shall take into account the rate of development of the price for products and the discount rate. If the calculation period t exceeds the lifespan tn (j) of the considered component (j), the last replacement cost is considered for the straight-line depreciation. Total costs for replacement of component j during the calculation period considered (including initial investment), is the sum of: initial investment V0; replacement costs (A0, A0, etc.): any time the lifespan of the component is reached, the component shall be replaced, the cost of which shall take into account the rate of development of the price for products and the discount rate.

    11. slide 11 Alternative approach: annuity costs of the building An alternative approach is to determine annuity costs of the building. The annuity calculation method transforms any costs to an average annualized cost. Dynamic calculations take into account annual variations of the discount rate as well as annual variations of the rate of development of prices for any of the costs considered (see 5.3.5 of EN 15459). A simplified version of the calculations for annualized costs emerges when discount rate and annual costs are constant during the calculation period.An alternative approach is to determine annuity costs of the building. The annuity calculation method transforms any costs to an average annualized cost. Dynamic calculations take into account annual variations of the discount rate as well as annual variations of the rate of development of prices for any of the costs considered (see 5.3.5 of EN 15459). A simplified version of the calculations for annualized costs emerges when discount rate and annual costs are constant during the calculation period.

    12. slide 12 Annuity calculation: annuity costs Annuity calculation for unchanged component during the design payback period of the building clause 5.3.2 of EN 15459 All initial costs of the components or part of the systems that remain unchanged during the design payback period of the building are multiplied by the corresponding annuity factor a(t_Building). Annuity calculation for replaced components clause 5.3.3 EN 15459 The initial replacement costs shall be multiplied by the corresponding annuity factor depending on Rp (rate of development of the price for products) and the lifespan of the considered component (See Annex A of EN 15459). Annuity calculation for running costs clause 5.3.4 of EN 15459 Running costs cover annual energy costs, operational costs, maintenance costs and added costs on installation and building. Annuity calculation for unchanged component during the design payback period of the building clause 5.3.2 of EN 15459 All initial costs of the components or part of the systems that remain unchanged during the design payback period of the building are multiplied by the corresponding annuity factor a(t_Building). Annuity calculation for replaced components clause 5.3.3 EN 15459 The initial replacement costs shall be multiplied by the corresponding annuity factor depending on Rp (rate of development of the price for products) and the lifespan of the considered component (See Annex A of EN 15459). Annuity calculation for running costs clause 5.3.4 of EN 15459 Running costs cover annual energy costs, operational costs, maintenance costs and added costs on installation and building.

    13. slide 13 STEP 1 - Financial data Duration of the calculation; Financial rate; Human operation costs; Energy prices STEP 2 - General information about the project Identification of systems; Environment of the project; Meteorological and environmental data; Constraints/opportunity related to energy STEP 3 - Systems characteristics Step 3.1 - Investment costs for systems related to energy Step 3.2 - Periodic costs for replacements Step 3.3 - Running costs except energy costs STEP 4 - Energy costs Step 4.1 - Calculation of energy use Step 4.2 - Energy costs STEP 5 - GLOBAL COST Calculation Step 5.1 - Calculation of replacement costs Step 5.2 - Calculation of final value Step 5.3 - Calculation of global cost STEP 6 - ANNUITY COST Calculation STEP 1 - Financial data Duration of the calculation; Financial rate; Human operation costs; Energy prices STEP 2 - General information about the project Identification of systems; Environment of the project; Meteorological and environmental data; Constraints/opportunity related to energy STEP 3 - Systems characteristics Step 3.1 - Investment costs for systems related to energy Step 3.2 - Periodic costs for replacements Step 3.3 - Running costs except energy costs STEP 4 - Energy costs Step 4.1 - Calculation of energy use Step 4.2 - Energy costs STEP 5 - GLOBAL COST Calculation Step 5.1 - Calculation of replacement costs Step 5.2 - Calculation of final value Step 5.3 - Calculation of global cost STEP 6 - ANNUITY COST Calculation

    14. slide 14 Organization of the method (global) Data considered Identify the basic data to be implemented Investment cost (per system) Lifetime of the unit (or product) Operating costs Energy Subscription (contracts, insurance, taxes,) Maintenance costs (+ cleaning, control, ) The method and the standard can be applied for new or existing buildings for all energy uses and components influencing energy consumptions. Data considered Identify the basic data to be implemented Investment cost (per system) Lifetime of the unit (or product) Operating costs Energy Subscription (contracts, insurance, taxes,) Maintenance costs (+ cleaning, control, ) The method and the standard can be applied for new or existing buildings for all energy uses and components influencing energy consumptions.

    15. slide 15 Organization of the method (compare 2 heating systems) Method can be applied to: Compare between 2 systems for the same energy use (existing) Estimate the annualized costs of a new building (design stage) Compare between 2 heating systems taking into account reduction of heat demand due to insulation of the existing building Balance between better performance of heating/cooling system and better insulation of the envelope Method can be applied to: Compare between 2 systems for the same energy use (existing) Estimate the annualized costs of a new building (design stage) Compare between 2 heating systems taking into account reduction of heat demand due to insulation of the existing building Balance between better performance of heating/cooling system and better insulation of the envelope

    16. slide 16 Background and associated standards

    17. slide 17 More information More information and downloads: www.iee-cense.eu

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