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ITCZ Explained. What Is It?. On or near the equator, where average solar radiation is greatest, air is warmed at the surface and rises. This creates a band of low air pressure, centered on the equator. This rising air comprises one segment of a circulation pattern called the Hadley Cell.
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What Is It? • On or near the equator, where average solar radiation is greatest, air is warmed at the surface and rises. • This creates a band of low air pressure, centered on the equator. This rising air comprises one segment of a circulation pattern called the Hadley Cell. • The rising air is replaced by the Trade winds approaching the equator from north and south. • As the trade winds meet near the equator, surface convergence and uplift take place. • For this reason the equatorial band of low pressure is called the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ).
Seasonal Movement • The ITCZ moves north during the high-sun season of the Northern Hemisphere, and south during the high-sun season in the Southern Hemisphere. • These movements are not perfectly symmetrical above and below the equator, because of the influence of land masses, among other factors.