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Sleeping drugs

Learn about the common symptoms of insomnia, causes, and the use of sleeping drugs such as benzodiazepines, mirtazapine, and diphenhydramine. Discover the effects, side effects, and precautions for using sleeping drugs properly.

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Sleeping drugs

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  1. Sleeping drugs 8.2.2006

  2. Symptoms • Fall asleep normally, but then wake up several times each night • Sleep all right, but wake up early in the morning • Difficulty falling asleep in the evening • Feel tired and irritable during the day

  3. Common causes of insomnia • Fear, stress, anxiety, overactive mind, physical pain • Stimulants like caffeine • Some medications • Another disease or psychological problem

  4. Sleeping drugs • The most commonly used sleeping medications are benzodiazepines diazepam

  5. Sometimes also antidepressants (mirtazapine) and antihistamines (diphenhydramine) are used to treat insomnia. mirtzapine diphenhydramine

  6. Instructions for use • Try to take them only occasionally • The course of treatment will be short • Don’t take sleeping drugs with alcohol • Don’t use sleeping pills if you are pregnant

  7. Effects • Sleeping drugs affect the central nervous system • Anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsive and muscle relaxing effects • Makes the effects of GABA longer • Tolerance

  8. Side effects • Interactions with a few drugs • Confusion, unsteadiness, forgetfulness, dependence, muscle weakness • ”Rebound insomnia”

  9. Side effects • No sleeping drugs when pregnant or certain diseases (breathing or lung problems, heart disease, severe liver and kidney disease and psychotic states) • Not very suitable for older people

  10. Side effects • Large amounts alcohol and sleeping drugs can be fatal • Driving a car isn’t recommended after taking sleeping drugs • Common withdrawal symptoms are insomnia, ache in stomach, perspiration, nervousness and tachycardia

  11. Diapam • A drug used as a sleeping drug and as a sedative • Its active ingredient is diazepam which belongs to benzodiazepines • Tablets of 2, 5 and 10 mgs, suppositories and oral suspensions are available

  12. Diapam • Tablets and oral suspensions are storied in a dry place in 15- 25 °C • Suppositories require a temperature of 2-15 °C

  13. Vocabulary • anxiety = ahdistuneisuus • anticonvulsive = kouristuksia ehkäisevä • liver = maksa • kidney = munuainen • insomnia = unettomuus • central nervous system = keskushermosto • Inhibitory = inhibitoiva • transmitter = välittäjäaine • withdrawal symptom = vieroitusoire

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