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SLEEPING SICKNESS

SLEEPING SICKNESS. WHAT IS?. SLEEPING SICKNESS IS A PARASITIC DISEASE OF PEOPLE AND ANIMALS, CAUSED BY PROTOZOA OF THE SPECIES TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI  AND TRANSMITTED BU THE TSETSE FLY. THE DISEASE IS ENDEMIC IN SOME REGIONS OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA.

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SLEEPING SICKNESS

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  1. SLEEPING SICKNESS

  2. WHAT IS? • SLEEPING SICKNESS IS A PARASITIC DISEASE OF PEOPLE AND ANIMALS, CAUSED BY PROTOZOA OF THE SPECIES TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI AND TRANSMITTED BU THE TSETSE FLY. • THE DISEASE IS ENDEMIC IN SOME REGIONS OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA. • THE PARASITE IS UNABLE TO SURVIVE IN THE BLOODSTREAM WITHOUT ITS FLAGELLUM.

  3. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS: • AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SYMPTOMS OCCURS IN TWO STAGES: • THE HAEMOLYMPHATIC PHASE: (FEVER-HEADACHES-JOINT PAINS-ITCHING) • THE NEUROLOGICAL PHASE: (CONFUSION-REDUCED COORDINATION-DISRUPTION OF THE SLEEP CYCLE- FATIGE, SLUMBER [DAY-TIME]-INSOMNIA [NIGHT-TIME] • TRYPTOPHOL: CHEMICAL COMPOUND THAT INDUCES SLEEP IN HUMANS PRODUCED BY THE TRYPANOSOMAL PARASITE.

  4. TSETSE FLY: • LARGE, BROWN BITING FLY. • HOST AND VECTOR (TRYPANOSOME PARASITES). • FIRST, PARASITES ENTER THE LYMPAHATIC SYSTEM, THEM PASS INTO THE BLOODSTREAM AND REPLICATE BY BINARY FISSION. • OTHER WAYS TO TAKE THE DISEASE: • MOTHER TO CHILD INFECTION • LABORATORIES • BLOOD TRANSFUSION • SEXUAL CONTACT

  5. PREVENTION: THE STRATEGY USED TO CONTROL SLEEPING SICKNES IS DETECTION AND TREATMENT OF NEW INFECTIONS, TSETSE FKY CONTROL. • ERADICATION OF THE TSETSE FLY. • REDUCE SPREAD OF THE PARASITE. SYSTEMATIC SCREENING IS THE BEST OPTION(ENDEMNIC REGIONS). ALLOWS EARLY-STAGE DISEASE TO BE DETECTED AND TREATED BEFORE THE DISEASE PROGRESSES.

  6. TREATMENT: • IN THE HAEMOLYMPHATIC PHASE: • INTRAVENOUS OR INTRAMUSCULAR PENTAMIDINE. • INTRAVENOUS SURAMIN. • IN THE NEUROLOGICAL PHASE: • INTRAVENUS MELARSOPROL 2.2 MG/KG DAILY FOR 12 HOURS. • INTRAVENOUS EFLORNITHINE 50 MG/KG EVERY SIX HOURS FOR 14 DAYS.

  7. SPREADING: • TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI GAMBIENSE. HUMANS, ALSO IN PIGS AND OTHER ANIMALS. LOCATED IN CENTRAL AND WESTERN AFRICA. • TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI RHODESIENSE. WILD GAME ANIMALS AND CATTLE. LOCATED IN SOUTHERN AND EASTERN AFRICA. • OVER 60 MILLION PEOPLE ARE AT RISK OF CONTRACTING THE DISEASE.

  8. RESOURCES: • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_trypanosomiasis • http://www.google.es/search?tbm=isch&hl=es&source=hp&biw=1280&bih=675&q=sleeping+sickness&gbv=2&oq=sleeping+sic&aq=0&aqi=g1g-S9&aql=&gs_sm=e&gs_upl=2231l11331l0l13554l14l14l1l1l1l0l287l2484l0.6.6l12l0 BY:JACQUELINE VALLEJO FERNÁNDEZ

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