Student Notes: Chapter 19 Anglo-Saxons and Irish

1. Student Notes: Chapter 19 Anglo-Saxons and Irish

2. EQ - Chapter 19 How did civilization develop in the British Isles?

3. Chapter 19 Geography • The British Isles (off the West Coast of Europe) consist of Great Britain, Ireland, and many other smaller islands.

4. Connections to Rome • In 55 BC, Julius Caesar invaded Britannia. Rome ruled much of southern Britain for almost 400 years. • By the late 300s AD, Roman legions were called home to defend the borders against Germanic invasions.

5. Connections to Rome • This left Britain opened to attacks from raiding Germanic tribes.

6. Connections to Rome • After 410 AD, Britain was overrun by the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes.

7. Connections to Rome • Angles and Saxons become the Anglo-Saxons • When the Anglo-Saxons arrived, most Celts fled to Ireland.

8. Connections to Rome • Eventually, part of Britain will be named after the Angles (England).

10. What’s in a name? • The name of the Saxons comes from a knife often used by warriors called a Seax. Saxon

11. Early Ireland • Ireland had no cities—people lived in clans (family groups) in small villages—no large towns • St. Patrick converted many Irish people to Christianity • Early Christian Monasteries were built here

12. Early Ireland • Ireland remained more isolated from Germanic invasions than mainland Europe and Britain.

13. Celtic Culture • The Celts made their houses using sticks, clay, mud, dung, and straw. • Celtic houses had no windows—they were dark inside as only the door allowed in light.

14. Terms to Learn • Coracles—boats made by stretching hides over a wooden frame—could hold up to 30 people

15. Terms to Learn • Shires—England was divided into districts

16. Terms to Learn • Sheriff—a noble chosen by the king to enforce the law, collect money, and call up soldiers

17. Life in Britain • By 800 AD, Danes(Vikings) began to attack Britain.

18. Life in Britain • King Alfred the Great is best known for fighting to resist these Viking invaders.

20. Just when you thought you learned enough words in English. Get ready for six actual words from the English language…a few centuries ago.

21. A sneaky, dishonest person Don’t be known as a snollygoster! Without enough sleep, you can find yourself in a zwodder. A sleepy state of mind His sister always gets a hum durgeon before a test. An imaginary illness

22. A fool or idiot Sometimes she acts like a hoddypeak! That hoddypeak will kench at the corniest joke. To laugh loudly After listening to your wonderful explanation, I feel even more jargogled? Confused

23. The Development of English Language The chart shows samples of the changes in English. #1 is Anglo-Saxon (circa AD 450-1066) or Old English. #2 is Middle English (circa AD 1066-1450). #3 is Modern English from the time of Shakespeare. #4 is a more recent example of Modern English.