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THE GENETIC OF CANCER

THE GENETIC OF CANCER. Increased mitosis. Tumor formation. Proto-oncogene. Tumor suppression gene. Point mutation. Amplification. Translocation. Normal protein. Defective protein. Hyperactive growth. Normal growth . Normal growth. Normal cell division. Uncontrolled

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THE GENETIC OF CANCER

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  1. THE GENETIC OF CANCER Increased mitosis Tumor formation Proto-oncogene Tumor suppression gene Point mutation Amplification Translocation Normal protein Defective protein Hyperactive growth Normal growth Normal growth Normal cell division Uncontrolled cell division Excessive protein stimulation

  2. ROLES OF CANCER GENES IN CELL SIGNALING

  3. PROTO-ONCOGENES AND ONCOGENES Proto-oncogenes code for growth factors Mutations cause overproduction of growth factors Proto-oncogenes code for growth factor receptors Mutant receptor no longer requires growth factor binding Proto-oncogenes code for proteins that transmit external stimuli for cell division. Stimulation no longer needed Proto-oncogenes code for transcription factors Factors always bind to their target gene promotor

  4. TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES

  5. EFFECT OF CANCER GENES ON CELL CYCLE Oncogenes Tumor suppressor genes

  6. COMMON FORMS OF CANCER TREATMENT Chemotherapy Surgery Radiotherapy May be used alone or in combination

  7. THERAPEUTIC TARGETS AGAINST CANCER CELLS Inactivation cell surface receptor Inhibition of angiogenesis Inactivation of receptor-associated G-proteins Inhibition of amplifying enzymes Inhibition of metastasis Inhibition of Rb protein Inhibition of p53 protein

  8. IMMUNOTHERAPY AGAINST CANCER CELLS Tumor cell with target antigen Antibodies against target antigen Destruction by cytotoxic T cells Binding to target receptor Complement activation

  9. MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AS RADIATION AND DRUG CARRIERS Monoclonal Antibodies as drug carrier Monoclonal Antibodies as radiation carrier Chemotherapeutic agent Radioactive label

  10. GENE THERAPY OF CANCER

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