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Office Ergonomics

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Office Ergonomics

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    1. Office Ergonomics GE Energy 04/6/2009 By Bret Derrick, PT, OCS, CEES Broadway Ergonomics, LLC

    3. Ergonomics Accommodate 5th to 95th%tile size Requires some degree of adjustability if workstation is shared Goals Maximize comfort Maximize productivity Reduce risk of musculoskeletal disorders Accommodate more workers (age, disability)

    5. Neutral Spine Position

    10. Seating More important the longer you sit Often overlooked Chair design is critical Operator must understand and apply proper adjustments

    11. seating - Chair adjustments: seat height, up/down back, back tilt, back lock, arm rest heights, seat tilt chairs - lumbar support, arm rests, adjustability education on all adjustment preventative Maintenance program for chair controls

    13. Adjusting seat height Proper seat height adjustment Feet flat on floor Hips slightly higher that knees If you can’t reach floor with feet (too short) then you need a footrest

    14. Arm Rest Adjustment Arms relaxed at sides, elbows bent Elbow and forearm should rest comfortably on armrest No excessive shoulder raising No leaning to side to reach arm rest Avoid “hard” arm rests

    15. Seat Back height adjustment Adjust so the lumbar curve of the back of the chair fits into the deepest part of the curve in your lower back. Commonly overlooked Optimizes lumbar support

    16. Backrest Height

    17. Back Rest Height Just Right! Chair lumbar curve matches lumbar curve of user

    18. Seat Back Tilt Optimal angle = 10 - 15 deg. Tilt tension can be adjusted to provide “Float” - Criterium Chair and back tilt as one unit (multi-tilt)

    19. Seat Multi-Tilt Seat Pan and back move back and forward as one unit Usually allows float which is adjustable OR Lock which locks it in any position

    20. Seat Pan Depth Back well supported at backrest 2 – 4” gap between back of knees and front chair edge Short legged individuals – front chair edge hits back of knees and backrest too far away reduce seat pan depth or use a back pillow to fill the gap

    21. monitor location directly in front of user no neck rotation arms length away no glare visible from normal user view LCD’s offer much more positional flexibility

    22. Laptops Ergonomic Compromise Sacrifice good position for portability and convenience Poor keyboard width, monitor height, mouse location and prone to glare People tend to use them in places poorly suited for computing

    24. LCD Focal Distance Reach out and touch Arms length in front of you 20 – 25” Too far away encourages forward head postures Your head and neck will position automatically to optimize vision

    25. Visual Requirements Your Body Follows your Eyes!

    26. LCD or Monitor Height Top Frame of monitor even height with user’s forehead Minimal tilt is best Increasing tilt aggravates glare problems from ceiling mounted lighting Locate directly in front of operator Never to the side more than 10 deg.

    27. illumination/glare Recommendations: general office: 500 - 700 lux VDT use: 250 - 350 lux overhead fixtures bright flourescents cube louvers, parabolic louvers, diffusers bright window glare window sources @ right angles to monitor face task lighting monitor filters

    28. Desk Ergonomics Leg envelope 30” wide At least 25” deep with no obstructions Worksurface ideal – 2” width or less Get rid of center drawer Desk height Short = 28” Tall = 31”

    30. Leg Clearance Work surface thickness Leg clearance No obstructions for leg room Keep area beneath desk open Should be able to move legs in under desk freely

    32. Steelcase Criterium

    34. Steelcase Leap

    35. Humantech Liberty

    39. Future of Seated Work Sit/Stand Workstations Saddle Seat

    40. sit/stand options Tall workstations with stool type chairs easily adjustable workstations

    46. prolonged sitting Paperless office can result in longer sitting times Periodic interruptions of sitting is a “good thing” Fax, filing, personal communication, copier Ideal time frame is every 30 minutes or more

    47. lumbar supports make up for deficiencies in chair placed above belt line in the hollow curve of the back lumbar rolls, 1/2 lumbar rolls, tear drop shaped pillows

    49. furniture drawback of older furniture built for aesthetics not PC use Center drawers Inadequate monitor depth Improper keyboard heights lack of adjustment options sharp table edges

    50. keyboard location tilt flat or negative trays need place for mouse location adjustable height is ideal look at space for any obstructions to tray adjustment ease of adjustment not flimsy

    52. mouse location no reaching allowed next to keyboard please make sure the cord provides enough movement

    53. Mouse location

    55. foot rests,wrist and mouse rests great help but no substitute for bad set-up foot rest only needed if user is short and feet can’t reach the ground ideally the wrists float during typing soft gel or foam very important, no hard wrist rests

    56. writing - document holders orient documents to reduce forward bending head motions/postures

    60. Phone Use Headsets

    61. equipment trials obtain desired samples and trial personally or with only a few subjects many vendors allow chair try-out never roll out new equipment on large scale without a thorough trial.

    62. exercises no substitute for poor workstation design augment ergonomic changes designed to counteract effects of sitting in an office environment overall cardiovascular fitness very important

    65. spec sheet for design typical desk height is 29.5”. keyboard home row ht = 26.5 - 27.5” monitor height = Center of top of screen parallel to center of forehead. Directly in front of user focal distance = 18 - 20” or arms length seat height = 16 - 20” seat tilt = +or- 0 to10 deg. wrist position = flat with no bending

    66. spec sheet for design mouse = same height as keyboard elbow, knee, hip angle = 90 deg. or slightly more seat back angle = 90 - 105 deg. seat back = 3 - 6” above seat lumbar support = 6 - 9” above seat leg room = need 20” width and 32” deep, no obstructions under desk Desktop <2” thick

    80. Resources www.broadwayergonomics.com Alimed - www.alimed.com Northcoast - www.BeSafeAtWork.com Worksafe - www.wsergo.com Typing Injury FAQ - www.tifaq.com http://www.ergoweb.com/ CUErgo - http://ergo.human.cornell.edu/ergoguide.html; CU Ergo Computer Checklist - www.ergo.human.cornell.edu/CUVDTChecklist.html http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/computerworkstations/checklist.html

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