Tourism as a tool of Management

1. Tourism as a tool of Management Experiences of NGOs dealing with protected area management on areas focused by tourism

4. Tourism infrastructure and activities Tourism product development Impacts of tourism / Use of resources Nature protection Legal framework Visitor regulations Other uses 1.1 Dimensions of tourism in protected areas

5. National bodies Park authorities Communities Tourism authorities/associations Private tourism sector Tourism developers (public and private) NGOs Tourists 1.2 Stakeholders of tourism in protected areas

6. Tourism is very compatible with the Natura 2000 scheme European tourism is largely based on the variety of unspoilt cultural landscapes, which is why tourism is to be considered a strategic partner of Natura 2000 Tourist regions will benefit most from Natura 2000 Tourists themselves are willing to pay special contributions for the conservation of nature 1.3 Tourism and Natura 2000

7. 2. Tourism management

8. Decrease the threats to the natural and cultural environment Increase the benefits of tourism Support nature conservation Provide sustainable alternatives 2.1 Goals of tourism management

9. CSD Work Programme (CSD 7/1999) CBD Guidelines (2004) Management of PAs Initiatives for �Making tourism more sustainable� Politics, tourism industry and NGOs 2.2 Basis for tourism management planning

10. 3. The praxis of tourism management planning

11. STEP 1 / Getting started

12. STEP 1 / Getting started

13. STEP 2 / Stakeholder Involvement

14. STEP 3 / Baseline Information

15. STEP 3 / Baseline Information

16. STEP 4 / Vision and Goals linked to the region where the plan is being developed and should reflect the region's economical, environmental and social needs linked to the region where the plan is being developed and should reflect the region's economical, environmental and social needs

17. STEP 5 / Goals, Objectives and the work program

18. STEP 5 / Goals, Objectives and the work program

19. STEP 6 / Impact Assessment and Impact Management The tourism management plan describes the concrete measures either to avoid or to mitigate existing and potential negative impacts The tourism management plan describes the concrete measures either to avoid or to mitigate existing and potential negative impacts

23. Motivation of NGOs to engage in tourism management Possible approaches Cooperation with other stakeholders 4. The role of NGOs in tourism management

24. NGOs is responsible for/involved in PA management Actual tourism development has negative impacts on the environment / for the local population Experience in project management, stakeholder involvement and regional development NGOs are asked in the international resolutions to promote sustainable tourism development and to support the efforts undertaken to make tourism more sustainable 4.1 Motivations for tourism management

25. Initiative Overall coordination Mediation Expertise Parts of the work programme 4.2 Possible approaches

26. Non-governmental: establish and facilitate the participation of stakeholders Non-profit: promote sustainable use of biodiversity Expertise & experience: ecology, regional development, socioeconomic and political structures 4.3 Cooperation with other stakeholders

27. 5. Examples of tourism management Project: �Development of a methodology and a tourism management plan for the Special Nature Reserve Zasavica � Serbia and Montenegro � � ETE, CEEWEB with regional partners Zasavica SNR, CenORT and E-Team Duration: 2003 � 2005, Supported by: Biodiversity Service of UNEP/Regional Office for Europe (ROfE), � The SNR Zasavica Special Nature Reserve Zasavica: wetlands, northwest Serbia, bordered by the river Drina in the east and the river Sava in the south, small town Sremska Mitrovica, rural area 1,821 ha, protected since 1997 thanks to NGO initiative �Goransko ekoloski pokret� ? took over the management responsibility � Tourism: very low tourist numbers, family farm-stays SWOT as part of the project, result: Region has got potential for tourism development ? Natural and cultural resources ? SNR and archeological findings of roman town Main weakness is lack of tourism infrastructure ? accommodations, etc. Good opportunities for tourism development ? close to tourism areas, existing features of the region can fulfill tourism market demands � To develop tourism in a sustainable way, a strategy is needed, based on an appropriate methodology for tourism management planning Project: �Development of a methodology and a tourism management plan for the Special Nature Reserve Zasavica � Serbia and Montenegro � � ETE, CEEWEB with regional partners Zasavica SNR, CenORT and E-Team Duration: 2003 � 2005, Supported by: Biodiversity Service of UNEP/Regional Office for Europe (ROfE), � The SNR Zasavica Special Nature Reserve Zasavica: wetlands, northwest Serbia, bordered by the river Drina in the east and the river Sava in the south, small town Sremska Mitrovica, rural area 1,821 ha, protected since 1997 thanks to NGO initiative �Goransko ekoloski pokret� ? took over the management responsibility � Tourism: very low tourist numbers, family farm-stays SWOT as part of the project, result: Region has got potential for tourism development ? Natural and cultural resources ? SNR and archeological findings of roman town Main weakness is lack of tourism infrastructure ? accommodations, etc. Good opportunities for tourism development ? close to tourism areas, existing features of the region can fulfill tourism market demands � To develop tourism in a sustainable way, a strategy is needed, based on an appropriate methodology for tourism management planning

28. 5.1 Special Nature Reserve Zasavica ? Main goal of the project: Development of a methodology for tourism management planning � WS with local stakeholders on sustainable tourism development and management (PA management, non-governmental organizations, schools, media, local authorities, cultural institutions, business, local inhabitants) � Assessment of tourism products and potentials � Development of the methodology ? based on best practice examples, IUCN/UNEP Guidelines for Sustainable Tourism and PAs, CBD Guidelines, CFA � Development of a tourism management plan according to the methodology ? second WS to actively involve local stakeholders into the management planning process ? third WS: national presentation � Need for tourism management plans � ? development of a holistic adaptive management approach ? long-term, regionally based and multi-stakeholder learning-by-doing-process ? Main goal of the project: Development of a methodology for tourism management planning � WS with local stakeholders on sustainable tourism development and management (PA management, non-governmental organizations, schools, media, local authorities, cultural institutions, business, local inhabitants) � Assessment of tourism products and potentials � Development of the methodology ? based on best practice examples, IUCN/UNEP Guidelines for Sustainable Tourism and PAs, CBD Guidelines, CFA � Development of a tourism management plan according to the methodology ? second WS to actively involve local stakeholders into the management planning process ? third WS: national presentation � Need for tourism management plans � ? development of a holistic adaptive management approach ? long-term, regionally based and multi-stakeholder learning-by-doing-process

29. 5.1 Special Nature Reserve Zasavica The TMP for Zasavica � Main vision: Conservation of biodiversity through sustainable tourism development � Objectives: � Preservation of unique ecosystems Development of a quality management system for the PA Establishment of partnerships with local stakeholders Development of sustainable tourism including adequate tourism infrastructure, e.g. entrance points, educational trails, visitor centre, accommodations, information spots and boards Support of the local economy Development of training and awareness-raising for the PA staff and local communities Development of concept of organic farming Utilization of diverse funding for development projects � � Need for tourism management plans � ? development of a holistic adaptive management approach ? long-term, regionally based and multi-stakeholder learning-by-doing-process The TMP for Zasavica � Main vision: Conservation of biodiversity through sustainable tourism development � Objectives: � Preservation of unique ecosystems Development of a quality management system for the PA Establishment of partnerships with local stakeholders Development of sustainable tourism including adequate tourism infrastructure, e.g. entrance points, educational trails, visitor centre, accommodations, information spots and boards Support of the local economy Development of training and awareness-raising for the PA staff and local communities Development of concept of organic farming Utilization of diverse funding for development projects � � Need for tourism management plans � ? development of a holistic adaptive management approach ? long-term, regionally based and multi-stakeholder learning-by-doing-process

34. Thank you very much for your attention!