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The Growth of Democracy

The Growth of Democracy. Chapter 11 Summary with contributions from Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY. Essential Question:. Champion of the “Common Man”?. “King” Andrew?. OR. What were the democratic trends in the 19c?.

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The Growth of Democracy

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  1. The Growth of Democracy Chapter 11 Summary with contributions from Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

  2. Essential Question: Champion of the “Common Man”? “King”Andrew? OR

  3. What were the democratic trends in the 19c?

  4. What reasons might a person of the 1820s and 1830s have for opposing universal white male suffrage? Suffrage for free African Americans? Suffrage for Women? Suffrage

  5. Voting Requirements in the Early 19c How did state and territory voting qualifications change between 1800 and 1830? Why?

  6. Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860

  7. What does it mean to say that America in the early 1800s was becoming a democratic society? Democratic in what sense, and for whom?

  8. Why Increased Democratization? • White male suffrage increased • Party nominating committees. • Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential electors. • Spoils system. • Rise of Third Parties. • Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.) • Two-party system returned in the 1832 election: • Dem-Reps  Natl. Reps.(1828)  Whigs (1832)  Republicans (1854) • Democrats (1828)

  9. Jackson's First Presidential Run

  10. The “Common Man’s”Presidential Candidate

  11. Jackson’s Opponents in 1824 Henry Clay[KY] John Quincy Adams[MA] John C. Calhoun[SC] William H. Crawford[GA]

  12. Results of the 1824 Election A “Corrupt Bargain?”

  13. What were the key issues in 1828?

  14. Rachel Jackson Final Divorce Decree

  15. Jackson in Mourning for His Wife

  16. 1828 Election Results

  17. Which geographic areas gave Jackson his greatest support? Why did he get support in those places?

  18. The Center of Population in theCountry Moves WEST

  19. The New “Jackson Coalition” • The Planter Elite in the South • People on the Frontier • State Politicians – spoils system • Immigrants in the cities.

  20. Jackson’s Faith in the “Common Man” • Intense distrust of Eastern“establishment,” monopolies, & special privilege. • His heart & soul was with the“plain folk.” • Belief that the common man was capable of uncommon achievements.

  21. The Reign of “King Mob”

  22. The “Peggy Eaton Affair”

  23. The Nullification Issue

  24. 1830 Webster:Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable. Jackson:Our Federal Union—it must be preserved. Calhoun:The Union, next to our liberty, most dear.

  25. The Tariff Issue

  26. 1832 Tariff Conflict • 1828 -->“Tariff of Abomination” • 1832 --> new tariff • South Carolina’s reaction? • Jackson’s response? • Clay’s “Compromise” Tariff?

  27. Jackson's Native-American Policy

  28. Indian Removal • Jackson’s Goal? • 1830 Indian Removal Act • Cherokee Nation v. GA(1831)* “domestic dependent nation” • Worcester v. GA(1832) • Jackson:John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it!

  29. The Cherokee Nation After 1820

  30. Indian Removal

  31. Trail of Tears (1838-1839)

  32. Jackson’s Professed “Love” forNative Americans

  33. Renewing the Charter of the 1st National Bank

  34. Jackson’s Use of Federal Power VETO 1830 Maysville Roadproject in KY [state of his political rival, Henry Clay]

  35. The National Bank Debate PresidentJackson NicholasBiddle

  36. Opposition to the 2nd B.U.S. “Soft”(paper) $ “Hard”(specie) $ • state bankers feltit restrained theirbanks from issuingbank notes freely. • supported rapid economic growth & speculation. • felt that coin was the only safecurrency. • didn’t like any bankthat issued banknotes. • suspicious of expansion &speculation.

  37. The “Monster” Is Destroyed! • “pet banks”? • 1832  Jackson vetoed the extension of the 2nd National Bank of the United States. • 1836  the charter expired. • 1841  the bank went bankrupt!

  38. The Downfall of “Mother Bank”

  39. An 1832 Cartoon: “KingAndrew”?

  40. 1832 Election Results Main Issue?

  41. The Specie Circular (1936) • “wildcat banks.” • buy future federalland only with gold orsilver. • Jackson’s goal?

  42. Results of the Specie Circular • Banknotes loose their value. • Land sales plummeted. • Credit not available. • Businesses began to fail. • Unemployment rose. The Panic of 1837!

  43. The 1836 Election Results Martin Van Buren “Old Kinderhook”[O. K.]

  44. The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!

  45. Andrew Jackson in Retirement

  46. Photo of Andrew Jackson in 1844(one year before his death) 1767 - 1845

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