The Growth of Democracy

1. www.buschistory.net/youtube The Growth of Democracy John Quincy Adams 1824-1840 Andrew Jackson

3. New Democratic Politics • Nation moves toward nationalism and sectionalism • South cotton growing & slave system • North  commercial industrializing economy * Westward expansion strengthens national pride

4. Expansion of Suffrage • New Western states extend right to vote to all white males over 21 • By 1820, most ‘older states’ followed suit • Universal white manhood suffrage still excluded women and African Americans

5. The Election of 1824 A Corrupt Bargain…….leads to “Four Miserable Years!”

6. Election of 1828 John Quincy Adams v. Andrew Jackson 44% of popular vote 56% of popular vote “victory for the common man” *Calhoun becomes VP again and Van Buren becomes secretary of state

7. Jackson Presidency (1829-1837) • “Age of the Common Man” • Spoils System • “Kitchen Cabinet” • Vetoed more than all of previous presidents combined

8. Sectional Leaders • South, John C. Calhoun (South Carolina) • North, Daniel Webster (Massachusetts) • West, Henry Clay (Kentucky)

9. Infrastructure & Inventions • Maysville Road Bill of 1830 • National Road 1808 • Erie Canal proposed 1817 • Steamboats 1807 • Railroads 1830 • Steel Plow 1837 • Reaper 1834

10. Nullification Crisis • Sectional differences between North and South become prominent over the protective tariff • Southerners protested but were outvoted by North and West *Doctrine of Nullification *Exposition and Protest1828 (Abominable?) • Ordinances of Nullification

11. Maysville Road Veto 1830

12. Indian Removal • Indian Removal Act 1830 • Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831) & Worcester v. Georgia (1832) • “The Trail of Tears” 1838

13. Indian Removals 1831-1838

14. Bank War – 1832……. • Bank directed by Nicholas Biddle • Clay & Biddle propose earlyrechartering for the bank. • Jackson vetoes, declaring bank unconstitutional

15. Election of 1836 • Loose coalition of opposition formedWhigs • Sectional Whigs ran against Van Buren; William Henry Harrison, Hugh Lawson White, W.P. Mangum, and Webster. • Whigs failed, showed weakness of sectional politics

16. Panic of 1837 • Bank wars continue and inflation rises • Jackson issues Specie Circular • ‘Contraction’ of credit leads to Panic • Recession lasted six years *Federal government took no in action in aiding victims of recession

17. Whigs & Democrats Whigs Democrats -initiators or beneficiaries of economic change -american system -infrastructure -religion* -governmental intervention (economic and social reforms) • -independent yeoman farmers • -nationwide appeal • -favored expansion, Indian removal & freedom on the frontier • ‘conservative values’

18. Election of 1840 William Henry Harrison v. Martin Van Buren 53% of popular vote 80% electoral votes 47% of popular vote, 20% of electoral votes And then… Died one month after inauguration

19. Advances • Printing Revolution 1826 • Telegraph 1844 • Often looked to Britain for literary values and standards. • Eastern seaboard cities build cultural foundation of American art and literature • Advances in construction; balloon-frame