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19 th Century Thought & Reform . Chapter 8 Section 1 (Read the Chapter). Two Main Influences. The Second great Awakening 2. Transcendentalism (Romanticism). The Second Great Awakening.
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19th Century Thought & Reform Chapter 8 Section 1 (Read the Chapter)
Two Main Influences • The Second great Awakening • 2. Transcendentalism • (Romanticism)
The Second Great Awakening Predestination: The idea that your fate is decided by God at birth, and nothing you do can change it. • A new religious movement. • Rejected the idea of Predestination. • Why is that a big deal? • Instead emphasized Individual salvation!!! • A more Democratic God. • Felt people could improve themselves and society? • Individualism, responsibility.
Revivals • Gatherings as large as 20,000 lasting 4-5 days. “Sinners [are] bound to change their own hearts.”
Transcendentalism • Philosophical movement (kind of religious) that emphasized living a simple life and celebrated truth found in nature and in personal emotion and imagination. • Dignity of the INDIVIDUAL!!! • Optimism • Freedom • Self-reliance • Civil disobedience to unjust laws. • Emerson, Thoreau.
These ideas led to many reform movements… • Abolition • Women’s Rights