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Research Techniques Made Simple: Validation of Outcome Measures in Dermatology

Research Techniques Made Simple: Validation of Outcome Measures in Dermatology. Kate V. Viola, MD, MHS 1 Tamar Nijsten, MD, PhD 2 Karthik Krishnamurthy, DO 1 1.Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA 2. Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

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Research Techniques Made Simple: Validation of Outcome Measures in Dermatology

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  1. Research Techniques Made Simple:Validation of Outcome Measures in Dermatology Kate V. Viola, MD, MHS1 Tamar Nijsten, MD, PhD2 Karthik Krishnamurthy, DO1 1.Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA 2. Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

  2. Outcome Measures Quantify: Clinical disease severity: -Generalized health: BSA , PGA -Disease specific: PASI, SCORAD Patient-reported outcomes: -Generic: SF36 -Dermatology: DLQI, Skindex

  3. Development of Outcome Measures Item Generation • Exploratory interviews • Systematic literature reviews • Consultation with disease experts Item Reduction • Target audience administration • Impact factor for question inclusion and exclusion

  4. Property Testing: Validity Content validity- instrument adequacy in addressing all relevant items Convergent validity- studied tools correlate with tools measuring same underlying construct Construct validity- different groups of patients show score difference

  5. Item Structure for Skin Disease Outcome Measure

  6. Property Testing: Reliability • Test–retest reliability- score consistency when administered at different times (interclass correlation coefficients) • Internal consistency- degree to which set of items measures the same construct (Cronbach’s alpha test)

  7. Property Testing : Responsiveness and Response Distribution • Responsiveness- instrument’s ability to change when patient experiences change in disease state (minimal clinical important difference) • Response distribution- assesses whether entire range of item scores is utilized (measurement indicators)

  8. Outcome Measures:Role in Dermatology • Supplements clinical judgment to optimize management approach and treatment • Provides insight into educational gaps and psychosocial issues • Influences clinical guideline recommendations • Plays a role in future cost-effective treatment strategies

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