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MAINTENANCE OF GENETIC VARIATION

MAINTENANCE OF GENETIC VARIATION. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION. Main benefit of sexual reproduction is new and ever-changing genetic combinations This allows for variations in populations that can increase chance of survival Organisms that reproduce asexually have much less genetic variation.

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MAINTENANCE OF GENETIC VARIATION

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  1. MAINTENANCE OF GENETIC VARIATION

  2. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Main benefit of sexual reproduction is new and ever-changing genetic combinations This allows for variations in populations that can increase chance of survival Organisms that reproduce asexually have much less genetic variation

  3. MECHANISMS OF OUTBREEDING Outbreeding prevents members of population from becoming too closely bred Plant mechanisms are adapted for stationary nature of plants Animal mechanisms allow for variations in animal behavior (i.e.: pack/herd or solitary)

  4. DIPLOIDY “ploid” – number of sets of chromosomes in cell Diploid – 2 sets of chromosomes; one from each parent (somatic cells); product of sexual reproduction Haploid – 1 set of chromosomes from one parent (sex cells) OR organism that reproduces asexually Haploid cells: phenotype IS genotype Diploid cells: phenotype might hide genotype

  5. HETEROZYGOTIC SUPERIORITY Zygote – fertilized egg “hetero” – other/different “homo” – same Having 2 different alleles can protect the organism from certain environmental pressures Having 2 recessive alleles can be deadly for the individual

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