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Resistance Variation in Pine Pathogens: A Case Study of Bulkley Seed Orchard #228

This case study examines the resistance variation in pine pathogens in Bulkley Seed Orchard #228. It explores the range of pathogens, their causal organisms, and the impact of latitude and proximity on resistance. The study also discusses the selection for resistance to multiple pathogens and outlines future work for assessing foliar diseases and climate links.

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Resistance Variation in Pine Pathogens: A Case Study of Bulkley Seed Orchard #228

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  1. Variation in Resistance to Pine Pathogens Bulkley Seed Orchard #228: A Case Study Richard Reich, M.Sc., RPF Regional Forest Pathologist Northern Interior Forest Region (Prince George)

  2. Provenance Map • Range of Pl in NA • Provenances tested in BC (white dots) • Provenances in the Bulkley #228 Seed Orchard (red dots) • Approx. location of the Bulkley Seed Planning Zone (red hatched outline) Bulkley SPZ

  3. Western Gall Rust - Stem Infection

  4. Pine Needle Cast • Causal Organism: • Lophodermella concolor (teleomorph or sexual stage)

  5. Dothistroma Needle Blight (aka Red Band Needle Blight) • Causal Organism: • Dothistroma septospora (anamorph or asexual stage) • Mycosphaerella pini (teleomorph or sexual stage)

  6. Elytroderma Needle Cast • Causal Organism: • Elytroderma deformans (Weir) Darker

  7. Elytroderma deformans • Stem infections • Sunken, often spiral shaped • Dark, cracked & slightly resinous bark

  8. Elytroderma deformans infected wood 15 10 5 canker initiation normal wood

  9. Elytroderma deformans • Foliar retention (squares) • Spatial distribution of stem and branch infections is relatively uniform across the site (circles)

  10. Effect of Latitude on Elytroderma • Slight trend toward increased susceptibility in southern provenances

  11. Foliar Disease Susceptibility • Considerable range of susceptibility among the 40 clones • Lots of opportunity to selectively improve resistance through rouging (oval)

  12. Western Gall Rust Susceptibility • Most susceptible clone is >3670 times more susceptible than the most resistant clone • How do you quantify the increase to Breeding Value (BV) achieved by eliminating the highly susceptible clones?

  13. Western Gall Rust Severity of infection 3 Most Resistant & 3 Least- Resistant Clones

  14. Resistance & Proximity to Inoculum • Proximity to highly infected trees does not appear to compromise resistance • 3 “most resistant” clones surrounded by 2 of the “most susceptible” clones • Resistance appears to be durable • this site has experienced numerous “waves” of infection in the past 20 years

  15. Selection for Resistance to More Than One Pathogen • If site is high risk for both gall rust and Elytroderma choice of suitable seedlots is reduced to circled area

  16. PGTIS Lodgepole Pine Seed Orchards FH Assessments Future Work (2008): • Foliar disease re-assessment in 2008 • Evaluate climate station data • Determine climate link to outbreaks • Determine source of variation of common clones in different orchards

  17. Acknowledgments • Biometrics: Wendy Bergerud, Amanda Nemec • Climate Station Support: Vanessa Egginton • Forest Health Technical Support: Deanna Danskin, Ian Patchett • GIS Support: Stafford Shuman • GPS/Survey Engineer Support: Les Higgs • Kalamalka: Mike Carlson, John Murphy, Vicky Berger • PGTIS: Rita Wagner & staff • Students: Jordan Bemmels, Siew Law, Alana Jung, Rebecca Lear, Don Iverson, Andrew Cuthbert

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