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The formation of the three calcium carbonate (CaCO3) polymorphs - calcite, aragonite and vaterite - is a multifaceted process involving numerous physical and chemical factors .Our research has demonstrated that incorporating magnesium ions into the surface layer of aragonite significantly decreases its surface stability, leading to a decreased binding energy for water molecules within its first hydration shell and, ultimately, having a direct impact on crystal structure itself
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The formation of the three calcium carbonate (CaCO3) polymorphs - calcite, aragonite and vaterite - is a multifaceted process involving numerous physical and chemical factors. Our research has demonstrated that incorporating magnesium ions into the surface layer of aragonite significantly decreases its surface stability, leading to a decreased binding energy for water molecules within its first hydration shell and, ultimately, having a direct impact on crystal structure itself. Understanding how surface chemistry of aragonite influences substitution energy of Mg is critical in understanding formation and stabilization mechanisms of CaCO3 polymorphs.
First-principles calculations were employed to examine the interaction between Mg and the surface of an aragonite crystallite. This approach enabled us to calculate the substitution energy between slabs of aragonite with and without magnesium (Mg). Aragonite stands out as an attractive source of agricultural calcium because of its plant-available nature. While traditional limes consist of crushed rocks, aragonite is comprised of seashells pulverized by ocean waves; therefore it offers much greater surface area for uptake into soil.
Aragonite stands out from traditional limes due to its unique layered structure. Due to this feature, aragonite is much less susceptible to breakdown when exposed to soil conditions; meaning less is needed for an effective application rate - saving farmers money in the long run! Aragonite should be applied at 10 pounds per 1,000 square feet when used for lawn and crop applications for maximum calcium benefit and to improve profits.