Poetry Terminology

1. Poetry Terminology Mrs. Board

2. Rhyme The repetition of similar ending sounds Twinkle, twinkle, little star,How I wonder what you are.Up above the world so high,Like a diamond in the sky.Twinkle, twinkle, little star,How I wonder what you are!

3. Rhyme scheme • The pattern that a poem follows: • For example  • There once was a big brown cat      a  That liked to eat a lot of mice.         b  He got all round and fat                   a  Because they tasted so nice.            b • Now you try! • Write a short poem that follows “abab” rhyme scheme

4. meter The basic rhythmic structure of a verse or lines in verse And the sound of a voice that is still Hickory Dickory Dock Hickory Dickory Dock,The mouse ran up the clock.The clock struck one,The mouse ran down!Hickory Dickory Dock.

5. Iambic pentameter 10 syllables for each line into 5 pairs The following line from John Keats' "Ode to Autumn" is an example:"To swell the gourd and plump the hazel shells" To | swell, the | gourd, and | plump, the | ha zel | shellsHere each iambic pair is separated by a |

6. Paying attention to the syntax in poetry means you look at the grammatical order of the words The order of the poems’ words, or syntax, conveys an emotional, psychological and spiritual impact “O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo?” My mords are all wixed up  syntax

7. Diction • the linguistic style, the vocabulary, and the metaphors used in the writing of poetry. • Each poet has their own style, but you can also copy the style of others • Who have we read about this year that wanted to be poet, but always copied the style of others?

8. Form • the length of the lines, their rhythms, their system of rhymes and repetition. • type of poem where these features have been shaped into a pattern, especially a familiar pattern. • Acrostic or shape poem • Another sense of "form" is to refer to simple and open-ended forms • free verse – essentially has NO form • Sonnet - has a very STRICT form • Haiku – has a STRICT form

9. couplet Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall/ Humpty Dumpty had a great fall/ All the king's horses and all the king's men/ Couldn't put Humpty together again!

10. Stanza Do not go Gentle into that Good NightbyDylan Thomas Do not go gentle into that good night, Old age should burn and rave at close of day; Rage, rage against the dying of the light.Though wise men at their end know dark is right, Because their words had forked no lightning they Do not go gentle into that good night. Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay, Rage, rage against the dying of the light. Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight, And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way, Do not go gentle into that good night. Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay, Rage, rage against the dying of the light. And you, my father, there on the sad height, Curse, bless me now with your fierce tears, I pray. Do not go gentle into that good night. Rage, rage against the dying of the light.   • Challenge • Fill out the RHYME SCHEME of this poem

11. Imagery Writing that appeals to the 5 senses Spring The newborn flowers blossom in all sizes and vivid colors.When you walk by, their sweet and luscious aromas ensnare you..The beautiful butterflies titterAround the light grassy areas.The trees are full of lush, dark green leaves.Spring is when you can really savor the intense scent of nature.

12. Alliteration Alliterative Absurdities If you caught a captious curate killing kippers for the cook,In the cloisters with a club yclept1 a cleek2,Would you say he was as wilyAs a cunning crocodilyCatching cockles with a corkscrew in a creek? If you beheld a battleboat bombarding Biscay BayWhile the big guns bellowed bold from brazen throat,Would you say it was as funnyAs a bouncing blue-backed bunnyBlowing bubbles with a bobby in a boat? If you saw a driveling dreamer drowning ducklings in a ditch,And deducting data dry as dust to see,Would you say that this death-dealerWas of ducks and drakes a stealer,Or of Darwin's dead ideas a devotee?

13. Irony • Contradiction of what is expected and what really happens • Verbal • Situational • Dramatic • Rime of the Ancient Marinerby Samuel Taylor Coleridge • Water, water, every where,And all the boards did shrink;Water, water, every where,Nor any drop to drink.

14. These are common SYMBOLS in English poetry • Sleep is often related to death. Dreams are linked to the future or fate. • Seasons often represent ages: spring--youth, summer--prime of life, autumn--middle age, winter--old age or death. • Water is sometimes linked to the idea of birth or purification. • Colors are often linked to emotions: red--anger, blue--happiness, green--jealousy. They are also used to represent states of being: black--death or evil, white--purity or innocence, green--growth. Symbolism

15. Onomatopoeia

16. Examples of Poetry Free verse Sonnet Lyric Narrative Ballad • elegy • epic • ode • haiku

17. Free verse the poet makes up the rules for each poem! I Dream'd in a Dreamby Walt Whitman  I DREAM'D in a dream I saw a city invincible to the attacks of the    whole of the rest of the earth,  I dream'd that was the new city of Friends,  Nothing was greater there than the quality of robust love, it led    the rest,  It was seen every hour in the actions of the men of that city,  And in all their looks and words.

18. Sonnet Fourteen line poem in iambic pentameter with a prescribed rhyme scheme Iamb – a two syllable unit of sound (toDAY, forGET, gaRAGE) Pentameter – means measure five “Today I will forget to weep for you” Fourteen lines of iambic pentameter with a rhyme scheme of ababcdcdefefgg and a structured message consisting of three four-line premises and a two-line (a couplet) resolution. My college life has left me without sleep. I study every night locked in my room. The loneliness doth cause my soul to weep, The walls at times feel almost like a tomb. My social life has vanished in the haze That drifts about me when I think of love, And hours doeth creep by in a blurry daze With hope of romance stolen from above. My health is really starting to erode. I cannot walk and talk ‘cause I must pant And wheeze because my bod cannot the load Endure; and as to run, well I just can’t. So from the doctor I must seek some help. I bet he will suggest I eat some kelp. http://users.scc.spokane.edu/jroth/courses/literature%20131/poetry%20chest%20files/sonnets%20made%20easy.htm

19. Lyric DyingbyEmily Dickinson I heard a fly buzz when I died;The stillness round my formWas like the stillness in the airBetween the heaves of storm.The eyes beside had wrung them dry,And breaths were gathering sureFor that last onset, when the kingBe witnessed in his power.I willed my keepsakes, signed awayWhat portion of me ICould make assignable,-and thenThere interposed a fly,With blue, uncertain, stumbling buzz,Between the light and me;And then the windows failed, and thenI could not see to see.

20. Narrative A poem that tells a story, like a narrative essay  The Creamation of Sam McGee http://www.wordfocus.com/wordactcremation.html

21. often have verses of four lines • usually have a rhyming pattern: either  abac  or aabb or  acbc (usually the easiest to rhyme) • Ballads contain a lot of dialogue.  • Action is often described in the first person • http://www.elyrics.net/read/g/guns-n_-roses-lyrics/november-rain-lyrics.html • November Rain by Guns N’ Roses ballad On Top of Spaghetti On top of spaghetti,All covered with cheese,I lost my poor meatball,When somebody sneezed. It rolled off the table,And on to the floor,And then my poor meatball,Rolled out of the door. It rolled in the garden,And under a bush,And then my poor meatball,Was nothing but mush. The mush was as tastyAs tasty could be,And then the next summer,It grew into a tree. The tree was all covered,All covered with moss,And on it grew meatballs,And tomato sauce. So if you eat spaghetti,All covered with cheese,Hold on to your meatball,Whenever you sneeze.

22. Elegy In Flanders Fields by John McCrae, May 1915 In Flanders fields the poppies blowBetween the crosses, row on row,That mark our place; and in the skyThe larks, still bravely singing, flyScarce heard amid the guns below. We are the Dead. Short days agoWe lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow, Loved and were loved, and now we lieIn Flanders fields. Take up our quarrel with the foe:To you from failing hands we throwThe torch; be yours to hold it high.If ye break faith with us who dieWe shall not sleep, though poppies growIn Flanders fields.

23. Epic • “The Iliad” and “The Odyssey” by Homer are the most famous example of epic poetry • “The Song of Hiawatha” by Longfellow • http://www.hwlongfellow.org/poems_poem.php?pid=62 • Epic Poems are long, serious poems that tells the story of a heroic figure.

24. An Ode to HalloweenWhen you see a childIn a costume scary and wildYou know it is Halloween.When kids go trick-or-treatsAnd get lots and lots of sweetsYou know it is Halloween.When the trees give up their yellow leavesAnd the dead give back their R.I.P.sYou know it is Halloween.An Ode to scrumptious snacksAn Ode to skeletons that clackAn Ode to DraculaAn Ode to tarantulasAn Ode to HalloweenAn Ode to the year’s best timeAn Ode to clocks that chimeAn Ode to Halloween ode Dedicated To Someone Or Something Which Captures The Poets Interest Or Sevres As An Inspiration For The Ode...

25. Haiku • Japanese poem • 3 unrhymed lines of 5-7-5 syllables • Here's a Haiku to help you remember how to write a Haiku • I am first with fiveThen seven in the middle -- Five again to end. "What am I?" Haikus: • Green and speckled legs,Hop on logs and lily pads Splash in cool water. In a pouch I grow,On a southern continent -- Strange creatures I know.