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C omputational F luid D ynamics ( CFD ) Modeling of Building-scale Dispersion

This document provides an overview of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling for estimating pollutant concentrations at the building scale. Preliminary results and future work are discussed.

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C omputational F luid D ynamics ( CFD ) Modeling of Building-scale Dispersion

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  1. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling of Building-scale Dispersion Shuming Du September 12, 2002 Air Resources Board California Environmental Protection Agency Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  2. What are CFD Models? • CFD models numerically solve basic equations of fluid dynamics, similar to what MM5 and RAMS do for meso- and regional scales • CFD models focus on detail features in a small scale setting, e.g., flow around individual buildings • A dispersion model can be built into CFD model or stand-alone • stand-alone is used in ozone/PM modeling, i.e., generate flow field first and then use it to drive dispersion model Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  3. Motivation: Why CFD Models? • Sometimes we need to estimate concentrations from sources just across the street • Regulatory models are not capable of simulating the extremely complex wind fields and dispersion of pollutants in these conditions Receptor Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  4. GASFLOW • Many commercial and public-domain models are available, GASFLOW is chosen because: • Available to the public • Can be used in both outdoor and indoor environments • Option to use particle model to calculate dispersion therefore avoiding problems associated with K-theory Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  5. Preliminary Results • Model has not been tested • Some features are not consistent with what we know • Dispersion model is not correct, still needs improvement • The purpose of the following plots is merely to show what a CFD model can do Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  6. Preliminary Results • Two one-story 15 m x 6 m x 5 m buildings, 16 m apart • Two source locations Wind Source 2 Source 1 Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  7. Preliminary Results • Modeling domain: side-view Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  8. Preliminary Results • Modeling domain: top-view Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  9. Preliminary Results • Wind field: side-view Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  10. Preliminary Results • Wind field: side view Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  11. Preliminary Results • Modeling domain: top-view (at z = 25 cm) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  12. Preliminary Results • Modeling domain: top-view (at z = 425 cm) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  13. Preliminary Results • Modeling domain: top-view (at z = 745 cm) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  14. Preliminary Results • Diffusion from source 1 (top view) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  15. Preliminary Results • Diffusion from source 1 (side view) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  16. Preliminary Results • Diffusion from source 1 (angled view) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  17. Preliminary Results • Diffusion from source 2 (top view) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  18. Preliminary Results • Diffusion from source 2 (side view) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  19. Preliminary Results • Diffusion from source 2 (angled view) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  20. Future Work • Modify the model to address the problems revealed in the preliminary work • Correct the dispersion algorithm to reflect the latest development of Lagrangian particle modeling • Test the model against EPA wind tunnel experiment and real-world data collected at Logan Memorial Junior High School and at CE-CERT, UC Riverside Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  21. Future Work (continued) • This work may eventually enhance our modeling capability in dealing with dispersion at building scale, for example, estimating concentrations caused by chrome plating facilities in Barrio Logan Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

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