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Understanding Clathrate Hydrates and Galileo Thermometer: Methane, Structure, and Applications

Learn about the properties, structure, and applications of clathrate hydrates, specifically methane hydrate, and Galileo Thermometer. Explore the solid-to-gas phase boundary, dissociation process, frame density, and more.

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Understanding Clathrate Hydrates and Galileo Thermometer: Methane, Structure, and Applications

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  1. Clathrate, Clathrasil and Galileo Thermometer

  2. Methane hydrate Structure I binary hydrate: 46H2O · 6(mG) · 2(sG) sG – small-size gas, such as N2 mG – medium-size gas, such as CH4

  3. Clathrate hydrate solid to gas phase boundary (except CO2 hydrate): T = T0+ a log (P/P0) (1) T, T0, a : temperature P, P0: pressure Density of clathrate hydrate I: ρMH = [46 × 18 g/mole-H2O + (6 + 2) × 16 g/mole-CH4] / (12 Ǻ)3= 0.919 g/cm3 = 0.796 g/cm3+ 0.123 g/cm3 = frame density + payload density ρMH-CDH = 0.796 g/cm3+ 0.284 g/cm3 ρCDH = 0.796 g/cm3+ 0.338 g/cm3 Dissociation: Methane hydrate → gas + water

  4. Galileo Thermometer

  5. Clathrasil (mineral) at work 46 SiO2·6(lG)·2(sG) sG: N2, Ar, Xe, CH4 lG:N2O, CO2, Kr, Xe, CH3NH2 (methylamine) Frame density = 1.79 g/cm3

  6. catalyst CO2 + 2 H2O + Heat CH4 + 2 O2 Bacteria, etc. Heat: 195,000 cal / mole of CH4 810,000 J

  7. 400 750 (a) (c) 200 400 (b) (d)

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