1 / 42

The Normal Newborn: Needs and Care

This comprehensive guide covers assessment data, potential complications, nursing care, daily assessments, common concerns, and parent and family education for newborns. It also includes signs of illness to watch for post-discharge.

pcrofoot
Download Presentation

The Normal Newborn: Needs and Care

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Normal Newborn: Needs and Care

  2. Assessment Data: Condition of the Infant • Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes • Resuscitative measures • Physical examination • Vital signs • Voidings • Passing of meconium

  3. Newborn Care

  4. Assessment Data: Infant Complications • Excessive mucus • Delayed spontaneous respirations or responsiveness • Abnormal number of cord vessels • Obvious physical abnormalities

  5. Assessment Data: Labor and Birth • Duration and course • Status of mother and fetus • Analgesia or anesthesia

  6. Assessment Data: Labor and Birth Complications • Prolonged rupture of membranes • Meconium-stained amniotic fluid • Nuchal cord • Precipitous birth • Use of forceps or vacuum extraction assisted device • Fetal distress

  7. Assessment Data: Maternal Complications • Preeclampsia • Spotting • Illness • Recent infections • Rubella status • Serology results

  8. Assessment Data: Maternal Complications (continued) • Hepatitis B screen results • Exposure to group B streptococci • History of maternal substance • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test result

  9. Assessment Data: Family • Parents’ interactions with their newborn • Their desires regarding infant care • Information about other children in the home • Available support systems • Patterns of interaction within each family unit

  10. Physiologic Alterations • Respiratory distress • Pallor • Hypothermia • Alterations in feeding and elimination

  11. Nursing Care: Assessment • Airway clearance • Vital signs • Body temperature • Neurologic status • Ability to feed • Evidence of complications

  12. Nursing Care: Assessment (continued) • Review of prenatal and birth information • Gestational age • Newborn’s adaptation to extrauterine life • Weight and measurement • Vital signs every 30 minutes • Assessment of Hct or blood glucose if warranted

  13. Admission Procedures • Newborn bath • Vitamin K • Eye prophylaxis • Observation for distress • Initiate feeding • Facilitate parental-infant attachment

  14. Daily Assessments • Vital signs • Weight • Overall color • Intake and output • Umbilical cord • Circumcision

  15. Daily Assessments (continued) • Newborn feeding • Attachment

  16. Daily Newborn Care • Assist with feedings • Thermoregulation • Skin care • Cord care • Prevention of infection • Security

  17. Common Concerns • How to pick up a newborn • Holding and feeding the infant • Changing the diaper • Interpreting newborn cues • Bathing the newborn

  18. Common Concerns (continued) • Cord and circumcision care • Normal voiding and stooling pattern

  19. Circumcision using the Yellen or Gomco clamp. A, The prepuce is drawn over the cone

  20. The clamp is applied. Pressure is maintained for 3 to 4 minutes, and then excess prepuce is cut away.

  21. Circumcision using the Plastibel. The bell is fitted over the glans. A suture is tied around the bell’s rim, and the excess prepuce is cut away. The plastic rim remains in place for 3 to 4 days until healing occurs. The bell may be allowed to fall off; it is removed if still in place after 8 days.

  22. Parent Education • Periods of reactivity and expected newborn responses • Normal physical characteristics of the newborn • The bonding process • The infant’s capabilities for interaction • The role of touch in facilitating parent-infant interaction • Comforting techniques

  23. Parent Education (continued) • Progression of infant behaviors • Information about available educational materials and support

  24. Family Education • Newborn care videos • Newborn care classes • Individual instruction • Observation of parent-infant interaction • Role modeling

  25. Discharge Education • Safety measures • Voiding and stool characteristics • Circumcision care • Cord care • Waking and quieting the newborn • Car safety

  26. Discharge Education (continued) • Immunizations • Signs of illness

  27. Signs of Illness • Temperature above 38oC or below 36.6oC axillary • Continual rise in temperature • Forceful or frequent vomiting • Refusal of two feedings in a row • Difficulty in awakening baby • Cyanosis with or without a feeding

  28. Signs of Illness (continued) • Absence of breathing longer than 20 seconds • Inconsolable infant or continuous high-pitched cry • Discharge or bleeding from umbilical cord, circumcision, or any opening • Two consecutive green watery or black stools, or increased frequency of stools • No wet diapers for 18 to 24 hours • Fewer than 6 to 8 wet diapers per day after 4 days of age • Development of eye drainage

More Related