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Scientific Method

Learn about the Scientific Method from observations to theories, understanding data types, variables, controls, and laws in scientific research and experimentation.

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Scientific Method

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  1. Scientific Method Chapter 1-3

  2. Scientific Method Scientific Method: It is the systematic approach used in scientific study to find a solution for a scientific problem.

  3. Observations Making Observations When you use your senses to obtain information, you make an observation. Qualitative data – info the DESCRIBES color, odor, shape, or a physical characteristic Quantitative data – NUMBERICAL information

  4. Hypothesis A tentative explanation for what has been observed. Experiment – A set of controlled observations that test the hypothesis.

  5. Experimental Design Terminology Control Group: The standard of comparison for checking or verifying the results of an experiment (the “Normal” condition)

  6. Experimental Design Terminology Independent Variable: The variable that is manipulated or changed by the scientist * If I am the scientist, then I control this! (graphed on x-axis)

  7. Experimental Design Terminology Dependent Variable: The measured result of changing the independent variable (graphed on y-axis)

  8. Experimental Design Terminology Constants (Controlled Variables) Conditions that are kept consistent throughout the experiment

  9. Theory Once a hypothesis meets the test of repeated experimentation, it may become a theory. • A theory is a well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations. • A theory may need to be changed at some point in the future to explain new observations or experimental results.

  10. Scientific Law A scientific law is a concise statement that summarizes the results of many observations and experiments. A scientific law doesn’t try to explain the relationship it describes. That explanation requires a theory. Laws have equations.

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